ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1993
In vivo cytokine profiles in patients with kala-azar. Marked elevation of both interleukin-10 and interferon-gamma.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 337 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-Pathological Correlates of Disease Severity in New-World Kala-Azar: The Role of Parasite Load and Cytokine Profiles.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Centrin-deficient Leishmania mexicana confers protection against Old World visceral leishmaniasis.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- The Multistage Antimalarial Compound Calxinin PerturbatesPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- T Lymphocyte Exhaustion During Human and Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Preclinical validation of a live attenuated dermotropic Leishmania vaccine against vector transmitted fatal visceral leishmaniasis.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Potential biomarkers of immune protection in human leishmaniasis.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2021Review
- Role of Cytokines in Experimental and Human Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Pleiotropic Effect of Hormone Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Immune Response and Pathogenesis in Leishmaniases.Journal of immunology research · 2021Review
- Case Report: Severe Visceral Leishmaniasis in a Patient with HIV Coinfection Undergoing Treatment for Erythema Nodosum Leprosum.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Non-human primates andCytokine: X · 2020Article
- IL-10-producing Tfh cells accumulate with age and link inflammation with age-related immune suppression.Science advances · 2020Article
- Interleukin 2 is an Upstream Regulator of CD4+ T Cells From Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients With Therapeutic Potential.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- HLA-DR Class II expression on myeloid and lymphoid cells in relation to HLA-DRB1 as a genetic risk factor for visceral leishmaniasis.Immunology · 2019Article
- IL-4 Mediated Resistance of BALB/c Mice to Visceral Leishmaniasis Is Independent of IL-4Rα Signaling via T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Cytokines: Key Determinants of Resistance or Disease Progression in Visceral Leishmaniasis: Opportunities for Novel Diagnostics and Immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Epitope-Binding Characteristics for Risk versus Protective DRB1 Alleles for Visceral Leishmaniasis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Modulation of Dengue/Zika Virus Pathogenicity by Antibody-Dependent Enhancement and Strategies to Protect Against Enhancement in Zika Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Anti-parasite therapy drives changes in human visceral leishmaniasis-associated inflammatory balance.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Alcoholic Fractions F5 and F6 fromFrontiers in medicine · 2017Article
- Immune Checkpoint Targets for Host-Directed Therapy to Prevent and Treat Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The immunological mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to disseminated visceral parasitism of mononuclear phagocytes in patients with kala-azar remain undefined. Resistance and susceptibility are correlated with distinct patterns of cytokine production in murine models of disseminated leishmanial disease. To assess lesional cytokine profiles in patients with kala-azar, bone marrow aspirates were analyzed using a quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR technique to amplify specific mRNA sequences of multiple Th1-, Th2-, and/or macrophage-associated cytokines. Transcript levels of IL-10 as well as IFN-gamma were significantly elevated in patients with active visceral leishmaniasis; IL-10 levels decreased markedly with resolution of disease. These findings suggest that IL-10, a potent, pleiotropic suppressor of all known microbicidal effector functions of macrophages, may contribute to the pathogenesis of kala-azar by inhibiting the cytokine-mediated activation of host macrophages that is necessary for the control of leishmanial infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.