ArticleJournal of virology1993
The E3L and K3L vaccinia virus gene products stimulate translation through inhibition of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase by different mechanisms.
Article in Journal of virology, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 270 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase 2 study of an HIV-1 canarypox vaccine (vCP1452) alone and in combination with rgp120: negative results fail to trigger a phase 3 correlates trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2007Trial
- Z-Nucleic Acid-Binding Protein (ZBP)1 (DAI/DLM1) Regulation in Antiviral Cell Death Pathways.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Current Strategies for Selecting Recombinant Orthopoxvirus Proteins for Immunobiological and Diagnostic Applications.Viruses · 2026Review
- Synergistic Oncolytic Effect of HSVtk- and IL-15Rα-Armed Vaccinia Viruses Inducing Systemic Antitumor Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic and genome-wide analysis of codon usage reveals geographic and host-specific adaptation in Vaccinia virus.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Article
- Mpox virus poxin-schlafen fusion protein suppresses innate antiviral response by sequestering STAT2.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- A review of herbal therapeutics for the prevention and management of poxvirus infections.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- IFN alpha inducible protein 27 (IFI27) acts as a positive regulator of PACT-dependent PKR activation after RNA virus infections.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- A review of Mpox: Biological characteristics, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2025Review
- Antivirotics based on defective interfering particles: emerging concepts and challenges.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Systematic genetic characterization of the human PKR kinase domain highlights its functional malleability to escape a poxvirus substrate mimic.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Tanapox Virus and Yaba Monkey Tumor Virus K3 Orthologs Inhibit Primate Protein Kinase R in a Species-Specific Fashion.Viruses · 2024Article
- RNA recognition by PKR during DNA virus infection.Journal of medical virology · 2024Review
- Stressing out-carp edema virus induces stress and modulates immune response in common carp.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Systematic characterization of the local evolutionary space available to human PKR and vaccinia virus K3.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Nucleic acid-protein condensates in innate immune signaling.The EMBO journal · 2023Review
- Adaptive duplication and genetic diversification of protein kinase R contribute to the specificity of bat-virus interactions.Science advances · 2022Article
- The Amino Acid at Position 95 in the Matrix Protein of Rabies Virus Is Involved in Antiviral Stress Granule Formation in Infected Cells.Journal of virology · 2022Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccinia virus has evolved multiple mechanisms to counteract the interferon-induced antiviral host cell response. Recently, two vaccinia virus gene products were shown to interfere with the activity of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR): the K3L gene product and the E3L gene product. We have evaluated the efficiency by which these gene products inhibit PKR and whether they act in a synergistic manner. The effects of the two vaccinia virus gene products were compared in an in vivo system in which translation of a reporter gene (dihydrofolate reductase or eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha [eIF-2 alpha]) was inhibited because of the localized activation of PKR. In this system, the E3L gene product, and to a lesser extent the K3L gene product, potentiated translation of the reporter gene and inhibited eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation. Analysis in vitro demonstrated that the E3L gene product inhibited PKR approximately 50- to 100-fold more efficiently than the K3L gene product. However, further studies demonstrated that the mechanism of action of these two inhibitors was different. Whereas the E3L inhibitor interfered with the binding of the kinase to double-stranded RNA, the K3L inhibitor did not. We propose that the K3L inhibitor acts through its homology to eIF-2 alpha to interfere with the interaction of eIF-2 alpha with PKR. The two inhibitors did not display a synergistic effect on translation or eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation. In addition, neither K3L nor E3L expression detectably altered cellular protein synthesis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.