ArticleJournal of virology1994
Mutational trends in V3 loop protein sequences observed in different genetic lineages of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Article in Journal of virology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed.
- A human immunodeficiency virus prime-boost immunization regimen in humans induces antibodies that show interclade cross-reactivity and neutralize several X4-, R5-, and dualtropic clade B and C primary isolates.Journal of virology · 2000Trial
- Immunological and virological analyses of persons infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 while participating in trials of recombinant gp120 subunit vaccines.Journal of virology · 1998Trial
- Phylogenetic Diversity in Core Region of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1a as a Factor Associated with Fibrosis Severity in HIV-1-Coinfected Patients.BioMed research international · 2017Article
- HIV Subtypes B and C gp120 and Methamphetamine Interaction: Dopaminergic System Implicates Differential Neuronal Toxicity.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Article
- Molecular characterization of HIV-1 subtype C gp-120 regions potentially involved in virus adaptive mechanisms.PloS one · 2014Article
- Genetic variation and HIV-associated neurologic disease.Advances in virus research · 2013Review
- Envelope diversity, characteristics of V3 region and predicted co-receptor usage of human immunodeficiency viruses infecting north Indians.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2012Article
- Production and characterization of human anti-V3 monoclonal antibodies from the cells of HIV-1 infected Indian donors.Virology journal · 2012Article
- HIV-1 envelope accessible surface and polarity: clade, blood, and brain.Bioinformation · 2011Article
- Genetic characteristics, coreceptor usage potential and evolution of Nigerian HIV-1 subtype G and CRF02_AG isolates.PloS one · 2011Article
- Article
- Subtype-specific conservation of isoleucine 309 in the envelope V3 domain is linked to immune evasion in subtype C HIV-1 infection.Virology · 2010Article
- Conserved determinants of enhanced CCR5 binding in the human immunodeficiency virus subtype D envelope third variable loop.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2010Article
- Genetic analysis of HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form 02_AG, B and C subtype-specific envelope sequences from Northern India and their predicted co-receptor usage.AIDS research and therapy · 2009Article
- A comparative study of HIV-1 clade C env evolution in a Zambian infant with an infected rhesus macaque during disease progression.AIDS (London, England) · 2009Article
- Appreciating HIV type 1 diversity: subtype differences in Env.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2009Article
- The c3-v4 region is a major target of autologous neutralizing antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C infection.Journal of virology · 2008Article
- Subtype-specific conformational differences within the V3 region of subtype B and subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Env proteins.Journal of virology · 2008Article
- Role of HIV-1 subtype C envelope V3 to V5 regions in viral entry, coreceptor utilization and replication efficiency in primary T-lymphocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages.Virology journal · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Highly variable international human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope sequences can be assigned to six major clades, or phylogenetically defined subtypes, designated A through F. These subtypes are approximately equidistant in terms of evolutionary distance measured by nucleotide sequences. This radiation from a common ancestral sequence may have been in step with the spread of the pandemic. In this study, V3 loop protein sequence relationships within these major clades are analyzed to determine how the different lineages might be evolving with respect to this biologically important domain. The V3 loop has been shown to influence viral phenotype and to elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses. To identify patterns in V3 loop amino acid evolution, we cluster the sequences by a phenetic principle which evaluates protein similarities on the basis of amino acid identities and similarities irrespective of evolutionary relationships. When phenetic clustering patterns are superimposed upon phylogenetic subtype classifications, two interesting mutational trends are revealed. First, a set of identical, or highly similar, V3 loop protein sequences can be identified within two otherwise dissimilar genetic subtypes, A and C. Second, the D subtype sequences are found to possess the most radically divergent set of V3 loop sequences. These and other patterns characteristic of the V3 loop reflect the acquisition of specific biological properties during the apparently recent evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 lineages.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.