ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1994
Increased glucose effectiveness in normoglycemic but insulin-resistant relatives of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A novel compensatory mechanism.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of prolonged fasting on insulin secretion, insulin action, and hepatic versus whole body insulin secretion disposition indices in healthy young males.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- Exposure to recurrent sleep restriction in the setting of high caloric intake and physical inactivity results in increased insulin resistance and reduced glucose tolerance.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2009Trial
- A novel splice-affectingThe Lancet regional health. Europe · 2023Article
- An Analysis of Glucose Effectiveness in Subjects With or Without Type 2 DiabetesFrontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Oxidative Stress, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, and Developmental Programming of Type 2 Diabetes.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
- Article
- The forgotten role of glucose effectiveness in the regulation of glucose tolerance.Current diabetes reports · 2015Review
- Glycaemic regulation and insulin secretion are abnormal in cystic fibrosis pigs despite sparing of islet cell mass.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2015Article
- Effect of preeclampsia on insulin sensitivity.International journal of applied & basic medical research · 2014Article
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal changes of glucose effectiveness in relation to glucose tolerance: the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study.Diabetes care · 2011Article
- Assessment of non-insulin-mediated glucose uptake: association with body fat and glycemic status.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2010Article
- Evidence for pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction in brothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2008Article
- Genome-wide linkage scans for prediabetes phenotypes in response to 20 weeks of endurance exercise training in non-diabetic whites and blacks: the HERITAGE Family Study.Diabetologia · 2005Article
- Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: is it important for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes after all?Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2003Article
- Defects in insulin secretion and insulin action in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are inherited. Metabolic studies on offspring of diabetic probands.The Journal of clinical investigation · 1998Article
- Exercise in the management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 1998Review
- Glucose effectiveness assessed under dynamic and steady state conditions. Comparability of uptake versus production components.The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997Article
- Insulin action on glucose transport and plasma membrane GLUT4 content in skeletal muscle from patients with NIDDM.Diabetologia · 1996Article
- Insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness in a population-based sample of 380 young healthy Caucasians. Analysis of the impact of gender, body fat, physical fitness, and life-style factors.The Journal of clinical investigation · 1996Article
- Insulin resistance in relatives of NIDDM patients: the role of physical fitness and muscle metabolism.Diabetologia · 1996Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
20 normoglycemic first degree relatives of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were compared with 20 matched subjects without any family history of diabetes using the intravenous glucose tolerance test with minimal model analysis of glucose disappearance and insulin kinetics. Intravenous glucose tolerance index (Kg) was similar in both groups (1.60 +/- 0.14 vs 1.59 +/- 0.18, x 10(-2) min-1, NS). However, insulin sensitivity (Si) was reduced (3.49 +/- 0.43 vs 4.80 +/- 0.61, x 10(-4) min-1 per mU/liter, P = 0.05), whereas glucose effectiveness (Sg) was increased (1.93 +/- 0.14 vs 1.52 +/- 0.16, x 10(-2) min-1, P < 0.05) in the relatives. Despite insulin resistance neither fasting plasma insulin concentration (7.63 +/- 0.48 vs 6.88 +/- 0.45, mU/liter, NS) nor first phase insulin responsiveness (Phi1) (3.56 +/- 0.53 vs 4.13 +/- 0.62, mU/liter min-1 per mg/dl, NS) were increased in the relatives. Phi1 was reduced for the degree of insulin resistance in the relatives so that the Phi1 x Si index was lower in the relatives (11.5 +/- 2.2 vs 16.7 +/- 2.0, x 10(-4) min-2 per mg/dl, P < 0.05). Importantly, glucose effectiveness correlated with Kg and with basal glucose oxidation but not with total glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) content in a basal muscle biopsy. In conclusion we confirm the presence of insulin resistance in first degree relatives of NIDDM patients. However, insulin secretion was altered and reduced for the degree of insulin resistance in the relatives, whereas glucose effectiveness was increased. We hypothesize that increased glucose effectiveness maintains glucose tolerance within normal limits in these "normoinsulinemic" relatives of NIDDM patients.
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