ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1994
Influence of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides on risk of cerebrovascular disease: the Copenhagen City Heart Study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 87 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 368 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis of Dyslipidemia Management for the Prevention of Ischemic Stroke Recurrence in China.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2017.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2018Guideline
- Analyzing the Correlation between the Level of Serum Markers and Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Disease by Multiple Parameters.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Guideline
- Lipid management in the prevention of stroke: a meta-analysis of fibrates for stroke prevention.BMC neurology · 2013Pooled it
- Lipid and lipoprotein biomarkers and the risk of ischemic stroke in postmenopausal women.Stroke · 2012Trial
- The triglyceride:high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio and steno-occlusive disease in the intracranial arteries.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2011Trial
- Review
- Multiple facets of HDLs as modifiable risk factors in stroke-the good, the bad, and the ugly.Journal of lipid research · 2025Review
- Article
- Obesity-Related Serum Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) as a Biomarker of Plaque Instability in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Association of Opioid Prescription with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: Nationwide Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2024Article
- Atherogenic circulating lipoproteins in ischemic stroke.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Dyslipidemia and Obesity in Ischemic Stroke.Cureus · 2023Article
- Comparison of circulating lipid profiles, D-dimer and fibrinogen levels between hypertensive patients with and without stroke.Metabolism open · 2023Article
- Associations of lipids and lipid-lowering drugs with risk of stroke: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- A Positive Association between the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and White Matter Hyperintensity.Korean journal of family medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- New Candidates for Biomarkers and Drug Targets of Ischemic Stroke-A First Dynamic LC-MS Human Serum Proteomic Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the influence of plasma total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides on risk of cerebrovascular disease.
designThe Copenhagen City Heart Study is a prospective observational survey with two cardiovascular examinations at five year intervals. Non-fasting plasma lipids were measured in participants once at each examination, along with other variables. The Cox regression model was used to establish the effect of the factors recorded on cerebrovascular events of mostly, but not exclusively, ischaemic origin. SUBJECTS: 19,698 women and men at least 20 years old, randomly selected after age stratification from an area of central Copenhagen.
main outcome measuresInitial cases of stroke and transient ischaemic attack recorded from hospital records and death certificates from 1976 through 1988.
results660 non-haemorrhagic and 33 haemorrhagic events were recorded. Total cholesterol was positively associated with risk of non-haemorrhagic events, but only for levels > 8 mmol/l, corresponding to the upper 5% of the distribution in the study population. For lower plasma cholesterol values the relative risk remained nearly constant. Plasma triglyceride concentration was significantly, positively associated with risk of non-haemorrhagic events. The relative risk corresponding to an increase of 1 mmol/l was 1.12 (95% confidence interval 1.07 to 1.16). There was a negative, log linear association between high density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of non-haemorrhagic events (0.53 (0.34 to 0.83)). There was no indication that the effects of plasma lipids were different in women and men.
conclusionsThe pattern of the association between plasma cholesterol and risk of ischaemic cerebrovascular disease was not log linear, and the increased risk was confined to the upper 5% of the cholesterol distribution. Further studies should concentrate on the association between plasma cholesterol and verified haemorrhagic stroke.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.