ArticleThe Journal of physiology1994
Contractile properties and temperature sensitivity of the extraocular muscles, the levator and superior rectus, of the rabbit.
Article in The Journal of physiology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delayed synapse elimination in mouse levator palpebrae superioris muscle.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2011Article
- A continuum of myofibers in adult rabbit extraocular muscle: force, shortening velocity, and patterns of myosin heavy chain colocalization.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2011Article
- How to make rapid eye movements "rapid": the role of growth factors for muscle contractile properties.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2011Article
- The absence of eye muscle fatigue indicates that the nervous system compensates for non-motor disturbances of oculomotor function.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2010Article
- Superior calcium homeostasis of extraocular muscles.Experimental eye research · 2010Article
- Measurement of contractile force of skeletal and extraocular muscles: effects of blood supply, muscle size and in situ or in vitro preparation.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2007Article
- Extraocular muscle is defined by a fundamentally distinct gene expression profile.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001Article
- Complex three-dimensional patterns of myosin isoform expression: differences between and within specific extraocular muscles.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 1999Article
- Contractile activation characteristics of single permeabilized fibres from levator palpebrae superioris, orbicularis oculi and vastus lateralis muscles from humans.The Journal of physiology · 1999Article
- Trading force for speed: why superfast crossbridge kinetics leads to superlow forces.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1999Article
- ATPase kinetics on activation of rabbit and frog permeabilized isometric muscle fibres: a real time phosphate assay.The Journal of physiology · 1997Article
- Contractile properties of single skinned fibres from the extraocular muscles, the levator and superior rectus, of the rabbit.The Journal of physiology · 1994Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
1. Contractile and fatigue-resistance characteristics, temperature sensitivity (10-37 degrees C) of contraction, and histochemical fibre types were determined for two of the extraocular muscles, the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris (levator), of the rabbit. 2. The levator displayed similar contractile characteristics (time to peak, half-relaxation time of twitch response, and twitch-tetanus force ratio) to mammalian fast-twitch limb muscle at room temperature (20 degrees C). However, normalized twitch and tetanic force levels were significantly less than those found in limb muscle. The superior rectus displayed the characteristics of even faster contraction than the levator at 20 degrees C, but generated lower maximum force levels than the levator. 3. The twitch response of the superior rectus showed a biphasic relaxation phase. This response was not due to non-twitch (tonic) fibres present in the superior rectus as it was unaffected by propranolol application during muscle stimulation. 4. The superior rectus and levator displayed significantly less fatigue in the tetanic force response than fast-twitch limb muscles did in response to a fatiguing electrical stimulation protocol. The levator was significantly more fatigue resistant than the superior rectus. 5. The force responses of both extraocular muscles displayed a similar dependence on temperature (10-37 degrees C) to limb skeletal muscles. 6. The superior rectus and levator exhibited a high proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibres (type II) as shown by myosin ATPase staining. Succinate dehydrogenase activity indicated that these muscles showed a high oxidative capacity, with a staining intensity typical of type I or type II A fibres of limb muscles. 7. The results emphasize the morphological and functional complexity of mammalian extraocular muscles. The combination of very fast contractile properties with high oxidative capacity make these muscles well suited to their role in eye/eyelid movement.
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