ArticleThe EMBO journal1994
Evolution of a disrupted TAR RNA hairpin structure in the HIV-1 virus.
Article in The EMBO journal, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structures of complete HIV-1 TAR RNA portray a dynamic platform poised for protein binding and structural remodeling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- 5'-Cap sequestration is an essential determinant of HIV-1 genome packaging.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Variations in the Abortive HIV-1 RNA Hairpin Do Not Impede Viral Sensing and Innate Immune Responses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- RNA Virus-Encoded miRNAs: Current Insights and Future Challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Target-Directed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition for Assembling HIV-1 TAR RNA Binding Ligands.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2020Article
- In cell mutational interference mapping experiment (in cell MIME) identifies the 5' polyadenylation signal as a dual regulator of HIV-1 genomic RNA production and packaging.Nucleic acids research · 2018Article
- HIV-1 tolerates changes in A-count in a small segment of the pol gene.Retrovirology · 2017Article
- A Phylogenetic Survey on the Structure of the HIV-1 Leader RNA Domain That Encodes the Splice Donor Signal.Viruses · 2016Article
- Insights into the mechanisms of RNA secondary structure destabilization by the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2016Article
- Structural Insights into the HIV-1 Minus-strand Strong-stop DNA.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- A short sequence motif in the 5' leader of the HIV-1 genome modulates extended RNA dimer formation and virus replication.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Progress and outlook in structural biology of large viral RNAs.Virus research · 2014Review
- Strong epistatic selection on the RNA secondary structure of HIV.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Influence of genome-scale RNA structure disruption on the replication of murine norovirus--similar replication kinetics in cell culture but attenuation of viral fitness in vivo.Nucleic acids research · 2013Article
- Site-selective probing of cTAR destabilization highlights the necessary plasticity of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein to chaperone the first strand transfer.Nucleic acids research · 2013Article
- On the role of four small hairpins in the HIV-1 RNA genome.RNA biology · 2013Article
- Opening of the TAR hairpin in the HIV-1 genome causes aberrant RNA dimerization and packaging.Retrovirology · 2012Article
- Combinatorial Synthesis, Screening, and Binding Studies of Highly Functionalized Polyamino-amido Oligomers for Binding to Folded RNA.Journal of nucleic acids · 2012Article
- Ribosomal scanning on the 5'-untranslated region of the human immunodeficiency virus RNA genome.Nucleic acids research · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA contains an extended hairpin structure at the 5' end (the TAR element) that is essential for viral replication. The upper part of the stem-loop structure binds the virally encoded transcriptional activator protein Tat and cellular co-factors, but no clear function for the lower stem region has been established. Here, we report that mutant HIV-1 viruses with base substitutions in the lower stem region are dead, most likely at the level of transcription from an integrated provirus. By using large amounts of these mutant DNA constructs for transfections, revertant viruses with a great variety of genetic changes (point mutations, short deletions) could be isolated in prolonged culture experiments that lasted over 6 months. The pattern and evolution of these changes supported the notion that base-pairing of the lower stem region is essential for optimal HIV-1 replication. The functional and genetic plasticities of this RNA domain and the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter are discussed.
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