ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1994
Multiple regulatory elements in the interleukin-6 gene mediate induction by prostaglandins, cyclic AMP, and lipopolysaccharide.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
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102 citing papers in PubMed, 325 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A TBC1D9-Rab29 axis controls homeostatic NF-κB signaling and selective IL-6 production in epithelial cells.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Bilayered skin equivalent mimicking psoriasis as predictive tool for preclinical treatment studies.Communications biology · 2024Article
- The Dual Roles of Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Inflammation, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, and Pathogen Infection Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Application of anFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Dendritic cell-intrinsic LKB1-AMPK/SIK signaling controls metabolic homeostasis by limiting the hepatic Th17 response during obesity.JCI insight · 2023Article
- LDL Affects the Immunomodulatory Response of Endothelial Cells by Modulation of the Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein (PML) Expression via PKC.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- ERK5 modulates IL-6 secretion and contributes to tumor-induced immune suppression.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- Resveratrol protects human nucleus pulposus cells from degeneration by blocking IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway.European journal of medical research · 2021Article
- The calcium-binding protein S100B reduces IL6 production in malignant melanoma via inhibition of RSK cellular signaling.PloS one · 2021Article
- β2-adrenergic stimulation induces interleukin-6 by increasing Arid5a, a stabilizer of mRNA, through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in cardiac fibroblasts.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2020Article
- Adipocyte Oncostatin Receptor Regulates Adipose Tissue Homeostasis and Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- The cellular and molecular basis of major depressive disorder: towards a unified model for understanding clinical depression.Molecular biology reports · 2020Review
- Article
- Inhibition of TNFα-induced interleukin-6 gene expression by barley (Hordeum vulgare) ethanol extract in BV-2 microglia.Genes & genomics · 2019Article
- Anti-neuroinflammatory Effects of 12-Dehydrogingerdione in LPS-Activated Microglia through Inhibiting Akt/IKK/NF-κB Pathway and Activating Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2019Article
- IκB-Kinase-epsilon (IKKε) over-expression promotes the growth of prostate cancer through the C/EBP-β dependent activation of IL-6 gene expression.Oncotarget · 2017Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression is mediated by numerous agents involving all major signal transduction pathways. We have compared the effects of prostaglandins and their second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) with the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on IL-6 gene expression. We demonstrate that secretion of IL-6 is induced by cAMP in murine monocytic PU5-1.8 cells, even though to a lesser extent than by LPS. Nevertheless, cAMP and prostaglandins of the E series in the presence of theophylline induce transcription of the IL-6 promoter more strongly than LPS, suggesting distinctive effects of cAMP and LPS on posttranscriptional events. Mutations within four regulatory elements, namely, the multiple response element (MRE), AP-1, NF-IL6, and NF-kappa B sites, significantly reduce, but do not completely abrogate, inducibility by cAMP and prostaglandin E1, whereas alterations of four additional sites have no effects. LPS-induced promoter activity, however, is almost completely abolished by mutations in the NF-kappa B site, suggesting that a single regulatory element is crucial for inducibility by LPS. Stimulation by cAMP is correlated with the binding of inducible factors to the AP-1, NF-IL6, and NF-kappa B elements, whereas factors binding to the MRE are constitutively expressed. Recombinant cAMP response element-binding protein binds to the MRE, indicating a potential role for this factor in the cAMP response. Our results suggest that cAMP and prostaglandins act through multiple, partially redundant regulatory elements to induce IL-6 expression in monocytic cells. Nuclear events that overlap partially with the LPS response but also exhibit distinctive features are involved.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.