ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1994
Analysis of somatic mutation in five B cell subsets of human tonsil.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers.
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Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 656 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Abnormal germinal center reactions in systemic lupus erythematosus demonstrated by blockade of CD154-CD40 interactions.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2003Trial
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- FcRL1, a New B-Cell-Activating Co-Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A guide to adaptive immune memory.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- The malignant transformation potential of the oncogene STYK1/NOK at early lymphocyte development in transgenic mice.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- Clonal associations between lymphocyte subsets and functional states in rheumatoid arthritis synovium.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The lipid globotriaosylceramide promotes germinal center B cell responses and antiviral immunity.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Distribution of multi-level B cell subsets in thymoma and thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A human monoclonal antibody bivalently binding two different epitopes in streptococcal M protein mediates immune function.EMBO molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Comprehensive phenotyping of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes in healthy conditions.Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology · 2022Review
- Improvement of the autoimmune phenomenon after treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism: Possible role of dynamics of parathyroid hormone-1-receptor in B-lymphocytes.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2022Article
- Role of Globotriaosylceramide in Physiology and Pathology.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition).European journal of immunology · 2021Review
- Alterations in B cell subsets correlate with body composition parameters in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Immunological potential of tertiary lymphoid structures surrounding the primary tumor in gastric cancer.International journal of oncology · 2020Article
- Fidelity of DNA polymerases in the detection of intraindividual variation of mitochondrial DNA.Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources · 2019Article
- Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition).European journal of immunology · 2019Article
- Remembrance of Things Past: Long-Term B Cell Memory After Infection and Vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Challenges and Opportunities for Consistent Classification of Human B Cell and Plasma Cell Populations.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Using a series of phenotypic markers that include immunoglobulin (Ig)D, IgM, IgG, CD23, CD44, Bcl-2, CD38, CD10, CD77, and Ki67, human tonsillar B cells were separated into five fractions representing different stages of B cell differentiation that included sIgD+ (Bm1 and Bm2), germinal center (Bm3 and Bm4), and memory (Bm5) B cells. To establish whether the initiation of somatic mutation correlated with this phenotypic characterization, we performed polymerase chain reaction and subsequent sequence analysis of the Ig heavy chain variable region genes from each of the B cell subsets. We studied the genes from the smallest VH families (VH4, VH5, and VH6) in order to facilitate the mutational analysis. In agreement with previous reports, we found that the somatic mutation machinery is activated only after B cells reach the germinal center and become centroblasts (Bm3). Whereas 47 independently rearranged IgM transcripts from the Bm1 and Bm2 subsets were nearly germline encoded, 57 Bm3-, and Bm4-, and Bm5-derived IgM transcripts had accumulated an average of 5.7 point mutations within the VH gene segment. gamma transcripts corresponding to the same VH gene families were isolated from subsets Bm3, Bm4, and Bm5, and had accumulated an average of 9.5 somatic mutations. We conclude that the molecular events underlying the process of somatic mutation takes place during the transition from IgD+, CD23+ B cells (Bm2) to the IgD-, CD23-, germinal center centroblast (Bm3). Furthermore, the analysis of Ig variable region transcripts from the different subpopulations confirms that the pathway of B cell differentiation from virgin B cell throughout the germinal center up to the memory compartment can be traced with phenotypic markers. The availability of these subpopulations should permit the identification of the functional molecules relevant to each stage of B cell differentiation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.