ArticleInfection and immunity1994
Adenovirus infection enhances in vitro adherence of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Climate induces seasonality in pneumococcal transmission.Scientific reports · 2015Trial
- Ofloxacin versus standard therapy in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization. Pneumonia Study Group.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1996Trial
- A synopsis of competence-regulated virulence inVirulence · 2026Review
- Interplay between viral infections and gut microbiota dysbiosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.World journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Pneumococcal colonization and coinfecting respiratory viruses in children under 5 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective case-control study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Temporally Associated Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Alaska, USA, 2020-2021.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- A cooperativity between virus and bacteria during respiratory infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Infection with different human influenza A subtypes affects the period of susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections in ferrets.FEMS microbes · 2022Article
- Association of nasopharyngeal viruses and pathogenic bacteria in children and their parents with and without HIV.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2021Article
- Molecular pathogenesis of secondary bacterial infection associated to viral infections including SARS-CoV-2.Journal of infection and public health · 2020Review
- Respiratory Virus Co-infection in Acute Respiratory Infections in Children.Current infectious disease reports · 2020Review
- Human adenovirus replication and persistence in hypertrophic adenoids and palatine tonsils in children.Journal of medical virology · 2019Article
- Re-understanding anti-influenza strategy: attach equal importance to antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies.Journal of thoracic disease · 2018Review
- COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA IN NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA: EPIDEMIOLOGY, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND OUTCOME.African journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Review
- Secondary Bacterial Infections Associated with Influenza Pandemics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- Review
- The role of respiratory viruses in the etiology of bacterial pneumonia: An ecological perspective.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2016Review
- Detection of viral and bacterial pathogens in hospitalized children with acute respiratory illnesses, Chongqing, 2009-2013.Medicine · 2015Article
- Replication of type 5 adenovirus promotes middle ear infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae in the chinchilla model of otitis media.Pathogens and disease · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Viruses are thought to facilitate bacterial infections of the respiratory tract, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study analyzed the effect of adenovirus on bacterial adherence to human respiratory tract epithelial cells. The human lung carcinoma cell line A549 was infected with adenovirus of types 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9. At a multiplicity of infection of 75 particles per cell, cytopathic effects occurred in 75 to 100% of the cells within 48 h. The virus-infected cells were harvested at various times after infection and analyzed for the ability to bind strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Adenovirus (types 1, 2, 3, and 5) commonly causing respiratory tract infections increased the binding of adherent S. pneumoniae strains to the cells. This effect was not seen for other adenovirus types. Adenovirus infection did not change the adherence of cells of poorly adhering strains of S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae. The increase in adherence of S. pneumoniae could be inhibited by the DNA synthesis inhibitor cytosine arabinofuranoside, which is known to block the late phase of the adenovirus infection. When electron microscopy was used, there was no evidence that virus particles bound directly to bacteria. Adherence was not affected by pretreatment of the cells with virus particles or viral proteins. This suggested that adenovirus infection upregulated receptors for S. pneumoniae. The increased attachment may be one mechanism by which viruses precondition the respiratory mucosa for bacterial infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.