ArticleThe Journal of cell biology1994
Tissue specific expression of the retinoic acid receptor-beta 2: regulation by short open reading frames in the 5'-noncoding region.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimizing 5'UTRs for mRNA-delivered gene editing using deep learning.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Recent insights on the role and regulation of retinoic acid signaling during epicardial development.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2019Review
- The Dark That Matters: Long Non-coding RNAs as Master Regulators of Cellular Metabolism in Non-communicable Diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Article
- Editing the genome of hiPSC with CRISPR/Cas9: disease models.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2017Review
- A 5'-upstream short open reading frame encoded peptide regulates angiotensin type 1a receptor production and signalling via the β-arrestin pathway.The Journal of physiology · 2016Review
- Selective inhibition of angiotensin receptor signaling through Erk1/2 pathway by a novel peptide.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2014Article
- Translation of human tissue factor pathway inhibitor-β mRNA is controlled by alternative splicing within the 5' untranslated region.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2014Article
- Genome-wide search for novel human uORFs and N-terminal protein extensions using ribosomal footprinting.Genome research · 2012Article
- Biological indications of a novel "short" µ opiate receptor in domestic chicken.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2010Article
- Article
- Evidence for conservation and selection of upstream open reading frames suggests probable encoding of bioactive peptides.BMC genomics · 2006Article
- Identification of novel RARbeta2 transcript variants with short 5'-UTRs in normal and cancerous breast epithelial cells.Oncogene · 2005Article
- Review
- Control of eukaryotic protein synthesis by upstream open reading frames in the 5'-untranslated region of an mRNA.The Biochemical journal · 2002Review
- Regulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta isoform synthesis by alternative translational initiation at multiple AUG start sites.Nucleic acids research · 2001Article
- Cloning and characterization of two novel thyroid hormone receptor beta isoforms.Molecular and cellular biology · 2000Article
- Elevated retinoic acid receptor beta(4) protein in human breast tumor cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic localization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1999Article
- Inducible nitric oxide synthase in human diseases.Clinical and experimental immunology · 1998Review
- Tissue- and development-specific expression of multiple alternatively spliced transcripts of rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase.The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The 40-S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes binds to the capped 5'-end of mRNA and scans for the first AUG in a favorable sequence context to initiate translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs therefore have a short 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) and no AUGs upstream of the translational start site; features that seem to assure efficient translation. However, approximately 5-10% of all eukaryotic mRNAs, particularly those encoding for regulatory proteins, have complex leader sequences that seem to compromise translational initiation. The retinoic-acid-receptor-beta 2 (RAR beta 2) mRNA is such a transcript with a long (461 nucleotides) 5'-UTR that contains five, partially overlapping, upstream open reading frames (uORFs) that precede the major ORF. We have begun to investigate the function of this complex 5'-UTR in transgenic mice, by introducing mutations in the start/stop codons of the uORFs in RAR beta 2-lacZ reporter constructs. When we compared the expression patterns of mutant and wild-type constructs we found that these mutations affected expression of the downstream RAR beta 2-ORF, resulting in an altered regulation of RAR beta 2-lacZ expression in heart and brain. Other tissues were unaffected. RNA analysis of adult tissues demonstrated that the uORFs act at the level of translation; adult brains and hearts of transgenic mice carrying a construct with either the wild-type or a mutant UTR, had the same levels of mRNA, but only the mutant produced protein. Our study outlines an unexpected role for uORFs: control of tissue-specific and developmentally regulated gene expression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.