ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1994
Variable region gene analysis of B cell subsets derived from a 4-year-old child: somatically mutated memory B cells accumulate in the peripheral blood already at young age.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibodies to combat viral infections: development strategies and progress.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2022Review
- Characteristics of Plasmablast Repertoire in Chronically HIV-Infected Individuals for Immunoglobulin H and L Chain Profiled by Single-Cell Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Spatiotemporal segregation of human marginal zone and memory B cell populations in lymphoid tissue.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Memory B cell heterogeneity: Remembrance of things past.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2018Review
- Article
- Assessment of antibody level and avidity against Bordetella pertussis in a cohort of Egyptian individuals aged 1-18 years.Journal of advanced research · 2016Article
- 9G4 autoreactivity is increased in HIV-infected patients and correlates with HIV broadly neutralizing serum activity.PloS one · 2012Article
- AID expression during B-cell development: searching for answers.Immunologic research · 2011Article
- Activation-induced cytidine deaminase expression and activity in the absence of germinal centers: insights into hyper-IgM syndrome.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2009Article
- Evidence of biased immunoglobulin variable gene usage in highly stable B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Leukemia · 2004Article
- Antibody responses to human rotavirus (HRV) in gnotobiotic pigs following a new prime/boost vaccine strategy using oral attenuated HRV priming and intranasal VP2/6 rotavirus-like particle (VLP) boosting with ISCOM.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2004Article
- Impact of age on hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes in humans.Journal of clinical immunology · 2001Article
- Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin and non-immunoglobulin genes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2001Review
- Human immunoglobulin (Ig)M+IgD+ peripheral blood B cells expressing the CD27 cell surface antigen carry somatically mutated variable region genes: CD27 as a general marker for somatically mutated (memory) B cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1998Article
- Immunoglobulin VH gene mutational analysis suggests that primary effusion lymphomas derive from different stages of B cell maturation.The American journal of pathology · 1998Article
- Defect in IgV gene somatic hypermutation in common variable immuno-deficiency syndrome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1998Article
- Somatic mutation of immunoglobulin V(H)6 genes in human infants.Clinical and experimental immunology · 1998Article
- Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes is independent of the Bloom's syndrome DNA helicase.Clinical and experimental immunology · 1998Article
- The normal counterpart of IgD myeloma cells in germinal center displays extensively mutated IgVH gene, Cmu-Cdelta switch, and lambda light chain expression.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1998Article
- Frequent occurrence of deletions and duplications during somatic hypermutation: implications for oncogene translocations and heavy chain disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1998Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tonsillar germinal center and immunoglobulin M+ (IgM+)IgD+ B cells as well as peripheral blood (PB) CD5+ and CD5- (conventional) B cells from a 4-yr-old child were isolated and nucleotide sequences of expressed Ig heavy chain variable regions encoded by VH4 gene family members were determined from amplified cDNA. Whereas both tonsillar IgM+IgD+ cells and the majority of IgM-expressing CD5+ and CD5- PB B cells showed no or little somatic mutation, tonsillar germinal center (GC) B cells and IgG-expressing PB B cells carried a high load of somatic mutations in their V region genes. This suggests that somatically mutated memory B cells which have switched isotype accumulate in the PB already at young age. Their frequency seems to increase with age. On the other hand, the antibody repertoire of tonsillar IgM+IgD+ B cells and the majority of IgM-expressing PB B cells is determined by germline-encoded specificities and by generation of variability in the complementary determining region III through VH-DH-JH recombination. A fraction of IgM-bearing PB B cells carries somatically mutated V region genes and probably represents GC-derived B cells which have left the GC at an early stage of the GC reaction without undergoing isotype switching. 10 VH4 germline genes were found to be expressed. Three gene segments were overrepresented in the sequence collection (35 of 50 clones): VH4.21 (30%), V71-4 (20%), and 3D279D (20%). It appears that most potentially functional VH4 germline genes are expressed in peripheral B cells. Some members of this VH gene family are clearly overrepresented over others.
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