ReviewBritish journal of sports medicine1994
Potential impact of physical activity and sport on the immune system--a brief review.
Review in British journal of sports medicine, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers of Physiological Responses to Periods of Intensified, Non-Resistance-Based Exercise Training in Well-Trained Male Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Sleep quality and physical fitness as modifiable contributors of fatigue in childhood cancer survivors.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Blood Profiling of Athletes after COVID-19: Differences in Blood Profiles of Post-COVID-19 Athletes Compared to Uninfected Athletic Individuals-An Exploratory Analysis.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Physical activity and risk of lung cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2023Article
- Physical Exercise Promotes DNase Activity Enhancing the Capacity to Degrade Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Sports Participation and Anti-Epidemic: Empirical Evidence on the Influence of Regular Physical Activity on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mainland China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Physical exercise, obesity, inflammation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs): a review with bioinformatics analysis.Molecular biology reports · 2021Review
- Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Young Egyptian Soccer Players.Global pediatric health · 2021Article
- Physical Activity and Natural Products and Minerals in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An Update.Annals of applied sport science · 2021Article
- The Impact of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Immunoglobulins and Cytokines in Elderly: Insights From a Critical Review of the Literature.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports and exercise.Asia-Pacific journal of sports medicine, arthroscopy, rehabilitation and technology · 2020Article
- Associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity and physical activity-related cancer incidence in older women: results from the WHI OPACH Study.British journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Anti-Inflammatory State in Arabian Horses Introduced to the Endurance Training.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Article
- The effects of daily food ingestion on improved immune functions and health promotion of bodybuilding athletes.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2018Article
- Short-term resource allocation during extensive athletic competition.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2018Article
- Effects of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Immunological Parameters in the Elderly Aged: Can Physical Activity Counteract the Effects of Aging?Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Physical Activity, Immune System, and the Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Endurance exercise and gut microbiota: A review.Journal of sport and health science · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Description is given of methods that can evaluate the main functional elements of the immune system. Acute responses to exercise depend on the intensity and duration of the required activity relative to the individual's fitness level. Moderate endurance exercise causes either no change or an enhancement of such indices as total leucocyte count, granulocyte, monocyte, lymphocyte and natural killer cell count, total T cell count, helper:suppressor cell ratio, cell proliferation in response to mitogens, serum immunoglobulin levels, and in vitro immunoglobulin production. However, exhausting exercise tends to produce adverse changes in these same indices, particularly if the physical activity is accompanied by environmental or competitive stress. Moderate, appropriately graded training reduces reactions to any given absolute intensity of exercise. When pursuing a more demanding training regimen, it is important that the exerciser optimize immune responses. If athletic preparation is pursued to the level of staleness and/or muscle damage, it can have substantial negative implications for many aspects of immune function, including resistance to acute infections, HIV infections, ageing, cancer and other conditions influenced by the immune system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.