ArticleStroke1995
Arterial wall thickness is associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.
Article in Stroke, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00397657 (ARBITER 6), which is not on this map. Cited by 161 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ARBITER 6: ARterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol 6 - HDL and LDL Treatment Strategies in Atherosclerosis (HALTS)
Who cites it
161 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 892 citations in OpenAlex.
- National, regional and provincial prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and carotid plaque in Chinese adults: an updated systematic review and modelling analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic Role of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness for Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cilostazol versus aspirin for secondary prevention of vascular events after stroke of arterial origin.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011Pooled it
- Association between popliteal artery wall thickness and structural progression in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Lifestyle Interventions and Carotid Plaque Burden: A Comparative Analysis of Two Lifestyle Intervention Programs in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.The Permanente journal · 2019Trial
- Pitavastatin calcium improves endothelial function and delays the progress of atherosclerosis in patients with hypercholesterolemia.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2015Trial
- A single-center, open, comparative study of the effect of using self-monitoring of blood glucose to guide therapy on preclinical atherosclerotic markers in type 2 diabetic subjects.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2010Trial
- Short-term tracking of atherosclerosis in operated and unoperated human carotid arteries by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging.World journal of surgery · 2007Trial
- Low prevalence of significant carotid artery disease in Iranian patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass.Cardiovascular ultrasound · 2007Trial
- Intensive diabetes therapy and carotid intima-media thickness in type 1 diabetes mellitus.The New England journal of medicine · 2003Trial
- Effects of stress reduction on carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive African Americans.Stroke · 2000Trial
- Trial
- Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Hyoid Bone-Induced Compression on Carotid Artery Hemodynamics.Biomedical engineering and computational biology · 2026Article
- Subcutaneous and continuous blood pressure monitoring in an ambulatory sheep by piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Article
- Observational
- Load Transfer along Continuous Collagen Fibers Reduces the Importance of Wall Thickness Variations.ArXiv · 2025Article
- Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Is Associated with Long-Term Mortality in Patients with Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Toward quantitative X-ray elastography of coronary arteries using flexural pulse waves.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
101 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeThis study was done to assess the relationship between prevalent cardiovascular disease and arterial wall thickness in middle-aged US adults.
methodsThe association of preexisting coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease with carotid and popliteal intimal-medial thickness (IMT) (measured by B-mode ultrasound) was assessed in 13,870 black and white men and women, aged 45 to 64, during the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study baseline examination (1987 through 1989). Prevalent disease was determined according to both participant self-report and measurements at the baseline examination (including electrocardiogram, fasting blood glucose, and medication use).
resultsAcross four race and gender strata, mean carotid far wall IMT was consistently greater in participants with prevalent clinical cardiovascular disease than in disease-free subjects. Similarly, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease was consistently greater in participants with progressively thicker IMT. The greatest differences in carotid IMT associated with prevalent disease were observed for reported symptomatic peripheral vascular disease (0.09 to 0.22 mm greater IMT in the four race-gender groups).
conclusionsThese data document the substantially greater arterial wall thickness observed in middle-aged adults with prevalent cardiovascular disease. Both carotid and popliteal arterial IMT were related to clinically manifest cardiovascular disease affecting distant vascular beds, such as the cerebral, peripheral, and coronary artery vascular beds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.