ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology1994
RTX toxin genotypes and phenotypes in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae field strains.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic characterization ofVirulence · 2026Article
- Revealing genetic variation of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Korean isolates using whole genome sequence analysis.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Atypical Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 12 strains with a higher virulence potential.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- The Challenge of Developing a Test to DifferentiateMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Serotype diversity of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae detected by real-time PCR in clinical and subclinical samples from Spanish pig farms during 2017-2022.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Acquisition, co-option, and duplication of the rtx toxin system and the emergence of virulence in Kingella.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Genetic Diversity ofVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Revealing Genomic Insights of the Unexplored Porcine Pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Using Whole Genome Sequencing.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Sero- and apx-typing of German Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae field isolates from 2010 to 2019 reveals a predominance of serovar 2 with regular apx-profile.Veterinary research · 2021Article
- Review
- Isolation and characterization of atypical Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serovar 15 lacking the apxIICA genes in Japan.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2019Article
- The genetic organization of the capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis region of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 14.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2015Article
- Simultaneous detection of antibodies against Apx toxins ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII, and ApxIV in pigs with known and unknown Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae exposure using a multiplexing liquid array platform.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2014Article
- Comparative genomic characterization of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.Journal of bacteriology · 2010Article
- DNA microarray-based identification and typing of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2009Article
- Microarray-based comparative genomic profiling of reference strains and selected Canadian field isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.BMC genomics · 2009Article
- Multiplex PCR that can distinguish between immunologically cross- reactive serovar 3, 6, and 8 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae strains.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2008Article
- The N-terminal domain of RTX toxin ApxI of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae elicits protective immunity in mice.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- Comparative in vitro activity of 16 antimicrobial agents against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.Veterinary research communications · 2002Article
- Genomic relatedness among Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae field strains of sterotypes 1 and 5 isolated from healthy and diseased pigs.Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 1999Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype reference strains and 204 A. pleuropneumoniae field strains representing all 12 serotypes and both biovars 1 and 2, obtained from laboratories from various countries worldwide, were analyzed for the presence of the toxin genes apxIC, apxIA, apxIB, apxID, apxIIC, apxIIA, apxIIIC, apxIIIA, apxIIIB, and apxIIID by DNA-DNA hybridization with specific gene probes. Expression of the toxins ApxI, ApxII, and ApxIII was assessed by immunoblot analysis with monoclonal antibodies. The results show that the patterns of apx genes and those of the expressed Apx toxins in biovar 1 field strains are the same as those of the genes and toxins of corresponding serotype reference strain. We found only three strains which had certain apx genes missing compared with the genes in their serotype reference strains. Analysis of the expression of the three toxins showed that nearly all strains expressed their apx genes and produced the same Apx toxins as their serotype reference strain. We found only one strain that did not produce ApxI, although it contained the apxICABD genes, and one strain which did not express ApxII but which contained apxIICA. Several field strains which initially showed that their serotype did not correspond to the apx gene profile of the reference strain and which had an unexpected virulence for the given serotype revealed that their initial serotyping was erroneous. We show that the apx gene profiles are inherent to a given serotype. The method cannot differentiate between all 12 serotypes. However, it allowed us to distinguish five groups of toxin gene patterns which showed pathological, toxicological, and epidemiological significance. None of the biovar 2 strains contained apxIII genes. The apxI and apxII genes in the biovar 2 strains, however, were the same as those found in the serotype reference strains of biovar 1.
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