ArticleJournal of virology1995
Extracellular Vpr protein increases cellular permissiveness to human immunodeficiency virus replication and reactivates virus from latency.
Article in Journal of virology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- Manipulation of the cell cycle by HIV-1.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- HIV-1 Vpr Drives a B Cell-Like Phenotype in Primary CD4MedComm · 2026Article
- DNA damage induced by HIV-1 Vpr triggers epigenetic remodeling and transcriptional programs to enhance virus transcription and latency reactivation.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr possesses a cryptic p300-dependent transcription-promoting activity that is blocked by histone deacetylases in CD4+ T cells.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Variation in HIV-1 Tat activity is a key determinant in the establishment of latent infection.JCI insight · 2024Article
- The HIV-1Viruses · 2024Article
- Caspase cleavage of gasdermin E causes neuronal pyroptosis in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- ZBTB2 represses HIV-1 transcription and is regulated by HIV-1 Vpr and cellular DNA damage responses.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- HIV replication and latency in monocytes and macrophages.Seminars in immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- HIV-1 Latency and Latency Reversal: Does Subtype Matter?Viruses · 2019Review
- Review
- Upregulation of MicroRNA 711 Mediates HIV-1 Vpr Promotion of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Latency and Induction of Pro-proliferation and Pro-survival Cytokines by Targeting the Notch/NF-κB-Signaling Axis.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Inhibitory Effects of HIV-2 Vpx on Replication of HIV-1.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- HIV-1 Viral Protein R Activates NLRP3 Inflammasome in Microglia: implications for HIV-1 Associated Neuroinflammation.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2017Article
- Specific amino acids in HIV-1 Vpr are significantly associated with differences in patient neurocognitive status.Journal of neurovirology · 2017Article
- The HIV-1 Vpr Protein: A Multifaceted Target for Therapeutic Intervention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Evidence of Divergent Amino Acid Usage in Comparative Analyses of R5- and X4-Associated HIV-1 Vpr Sequences.International journal of genomics · 2017Article
- HIV-1 Vpr Inhibits Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Lytic Replication by Inducing MicroRNA miR-942-5p and Activating NF-κB Signaling.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- HIV-1 Vpr reactivates latent HIV-1 provirus by inducing depletion of class I HDACs on chromatin.Scientific reports · 2016Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The vpr gene product of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus is a virion-associated regulatory protein that has been shown using vpr mutant viruses to increase virus replication, particularly in monocytes/macrophages. We have previously shown that vpr can directly inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation, events linked to the control of HIV replication, and also that the replication of a vpr mutant but not that of wild-type HIV type 1 (HIV-1) was compatible with cellular proliferation (D. N. Levy, L. S. Fernandes, W. V. Williams, and D. B. Weiner, Cell 72:541-550, 1993). Here we show that purified recombinant Vpr protein, in concentrations of < 100 pg/ml to 100 ng/ml, increases wild-type HIV-1 replication in newly infected transformed cell lines via a long-lasting increase in cellular permissiveness to HIV replication. The activity of extracellular Vpr protein could be completely inhibited by anti-Vpr antibodies. Extracellular Vpr also induced efficient HIV-1 replication in newly infected resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Extracellular Vpr transcomplemented a vpr mutant virus which was deficient in replication in promonocytic cells, restoring full replication competence. In addition, extracellular Vpr reactivated HIV-1 expression in five latently infected cell lines of T-cell, B-cell, and promonocytic origin which normally express very low levels of HIV RNA and protein, indicating an activation of translational or pretranslational events in the virus life cycle. Together, these results describe a novel pathway governing HIV replication and a potential target for the development of anti-HIV therapeutics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.