ArticleClinical and experimental immunology1995
IL-1 is expressed in human adrenal gland in vivo. Possible role in a local immune-adrenal axis.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Macrophage regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and gonadal axis homeostasis and hormonal output.Biomedical journal · 2026Review
- MHC/class-II-positive cells inhibit corticosterone of adrenal gland cells in experimental arthritis: a role for IL-1β, IL-18, and the inflammasome.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Evidence in Favor of an Alternative Glucocorticoid Synthesis Pathway During Acute Experimental Chagas Disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Article
- Inflammatory Signaling in Hypertension: Regulation of Adrenal Catecholamine Biosynthesis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
- Morpho-histology of head kidney of female catfish Heteropneustes fossilis: seasonal variations in melano-macrophage centers, melanin contents and effects of lipopolysaccharide and dexamethasone on melanins.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2016Article
- Adrenal Gland Microenvironment and Its Involvement in the Regulation of Stress-Induced Hormone Secretion during Sepsis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2016Review
- Immune modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during viral infection.Viral immunology · 2005Review
- Impaired adrenal stress response in Toll-like receptor 2-deficient mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2004Article
- Expression of cyclooxygenase enzymes in rat hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis: effects of endotoxin and glucocorticoids.Endocrine · 2001Article
- Expression of interleukin-1 in human pheochromocytoma.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 1996Article
- Increased expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in adrenal glands of mice undergoing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD): association with persistent elevated plasma corticosterone levels.Clinical and experimental immunology · 1995Article
- The language of glioblastoma: A tale of cytokines and sex hormones communication.Neuro-oncology advancesReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
IL-1 is an important mediator in the dialogue between the immune system and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. A direct influence of IL-1 upon adrenal steroidogenesis has been demonstrated in experimental animals. We therefore designed a study to see if IL-1 is expressed within the normal human adrenal gland. The combination of in situ hybridization and specific immunostaining to IL-1 beta was eminently suited to demonstrate both mRNA and protein production. The specific immunostaining of the different cells combined with in situ hybridization (IL-1) allowed us to identify the exact cellular source of IL-1. IL-1 mRNA occurred in the zona reticularis in 17 alpha-hydroxylase positive steroid cells surrounding the adrenomedullary cells. Some CD68+ macrophages in this zona showed a positive signal. A weak signal was seen to IL-1 mRNA in few chromaffin cells, while IL-1-like immunoreactivity was more frequent. We conclude that in the normal situation in man IL-1 is mainly expressed in specialized cortical cells. The occurrence of the major glucocorticoid inducing factor in the normal human adrenal gland itself provides evidence for an autocrine or paracrine reaction under physiological conditions.
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