ArticleInfection and immunity1995
Knockout mutants of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 that are devoid of RTX toxins do not activate or kill porcine neutrophils.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulatory effect of stress hormones on porcine neutrophil functions during Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- Basic Characterization of Natural Transformation in Avibacterium paragallinarum.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae encodes multiple phase-variable DNA methyltransferases that control distinct phasevarions.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Genetic Diversity ofVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
- New Insights into Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NETs) Formation from Porcine Neutrophils in Response to Bacterial Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- An in vitro study of ApxI fromVeterinary record open · 2021Article
- Article
- Elucidating the role of ApxI in hemolysis and cellular damage by using a novel apxIA mutant of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 10.Journal of veterinary science · 2014Article
- Method to grow Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae biofilm on a biotic surface.BMC veterinary research · 2013Article
- Branched-chain amino acids are required for the survival and virulence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in swine.Infection and immunity · 2009Article
- The N-terminal domain of RTX toxin ApxI of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae elicits protective immunity in mice.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- [Cu,Zn]-Superoxide dismutase mutants of the swine pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae are unattenuated in infections of the natural host.Infection and immunity · 2000Article
- Cloning and mutagenesis of a serotype-specific DNA region involved in encapsulation and virulence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5a: concomitant expression of serotype 5a and 1 capsular polysaccharides in recombinant A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1.Infection and immunity · 1998Article
- Endobronchial inoculation with Apx toxins of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae leads to pleuropneumonia in pigs.Infection and immunity · 1997Article
- Cloning and molecular characterization of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.Infection and immunity · 1996Article
- Channel-forming activity and channel size of the RTX toxins ApxI, ApxII, and ApxIII of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.Infection and immunity · 1996Article
- Influence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and its metabolites on porcine alveolar epithelial cells.Infection and immunity · 1996Article
- Molecular characterization of a common 48-kilodalton outer membrane protein of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.Infection and immunity · 1996Article
- GtxA from Gallibacterium anatis, a cytolytic RTX-toxin with a novel domain organisation.Veterinary researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae RTX-toxins ApxI, ApxII, and ApxIII are important virulence factors of this swine pathogen. It is hypothesized that the Apx toxins are deleterious to defense cells of the host, enabling the bacterium to infect the host. To confirm this, we studied the effect on porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils of mutant strains of A. pleuropneumoniae that were devoid of Apx toxins. For this purpose, we developed a system for targeted mutagenesis of A. pleuropneumoniae based on the conditionally replicating plasmid pVE6063 and insertional mutagenesis by homologous recombination. Employing this system on the reference strain of serotype 1, a strain that secretes ApxI and ApxII, we generated mutant strains that were devoid of ApxI and/or ApxII. We compared the ability of the parent strain and the mutant strains to provoke an oxidative burst in porcine neutrophils and to kill these cells. The parent strain and mutants that secreted either ApxI or ApxII provoked an oxidative burst and killed the neutrophils, whereas mutant strains that were devoid of ApxI and ApxII did not. These experiments indicate the importance of ApxI and ApxII to these profound effects on neutrophils and emphasize the importance of ApxI and ApxII in pathogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.