ArticleInfection and immunity1995
Selective modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced death and cytokine production by various muramyl peptides.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Muramyl Dipeptide in Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Biological Activity and Osteoclast Activity.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2018Review
- Endotoxaemia-augmented murine venous thrombosis is dependent on TLR-4 and ICAM-1, and potentiated by neutropenia.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2017Article
- Synergistic effects of NOD1 or NOD2 and TLR4 activation on mouse sickness behavior in relation to immune and brain activity markers.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2015Article
- Proteasomal degradation of Nod2 protein mediates tolerance to bacterial cell wall components.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2012Article
- NOD1 and NOD2 Signaling in Infection and Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2012Article
- Prior laparotomy or corticosterone potentiates lipopolysaccharide-induced fever and sickness behaviors.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2011Article
- Muramyl dipeptide and its derivatives: peptide adjuvant in immunological disorders and cancer therapy.Current bioactive compounds · 2011Article
- Unleashing the therapeutic potential of NOD-like receptors.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2009Review
- Modulation of adaptive immunity by different adjuvant-antigen combinations in mice lacking Nod2.Vaccine · 2008Article
- Expression and regulation of the pattern recognition receptors Toll-like receptor-2 and Toll-like receptor-4 in the human placenta.Immunology · 2002Article
- The transcriptional response of human macrophages to murabutide reflects a spectrum of biological effects for the synthetic immunomodulator.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2002Article
- The synthetic immunomodulator murabutide controls human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication at multiple levels in macrophages and dendritic cells.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- Modulatory effect of mycobacterium cell wall extract (Regressin) on lymphocyte blastogenic activity and macrophage cytokine gene transcription in swine.Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology · 1997Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pretreatment of animals with the adjuvant muramyl dipeptide enhances both the production of circulating tumor necrosis factor and the sensitivity to the lethal effect of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. The present study examined the capacity of various adjuvant muramyl dipeptide derivatives to potentiate responsiveness to LPS administration. Cytokine levels in serum were determined at various time intervals after LPS administration by bioassays and immunoassays; the cytokines examined were tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and gamma interferon. The time course of cytokine response was not modified by the pretreatment, but most of the levels were strongly enhanced. However, of the four compounds which were found to be potent priming agents, only two caused an increased sensitivity to LPS lethality, showing that elevated titers of cytokines in serum were not correlated with host sensitization. Interestingly, previous studies have shown that these two compounds also display neurobiological properties, implying a possible role of the central nervous system in LPS lethality. However, two hydrophilic derivatives with low activity as priming agents were capable of decreasing the toxicity of LPS when given after the challenge in galactosamine-sensitized mice. These results illustrate the diversity of responses elicited by immunological priming. They raise unanswered questions on the importance of endogenous mediators in the pathophysiological alterations during toxic shock.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.