ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology1995
Susceptibility testing of Candida albicans and Aspergillus species by a simple microtiter menadione-augmented 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Thiazolidinedione-8 Alters Symbiotic Relationship in C. albicans-S. mutans Dual Species Biofilm.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Using a sequential regimen to eliminate bacteria at sublethal antibiotic dosages.PLoS biology · 2015Article
- Development and antimicrobial susceptibility studies of in vitro monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilm models with Aspergillus fumigatus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- Use of the tetrazolium salt MTT to measure cell viability effects of the bacterial antagonist Lysobacter enzymogenes on the filamentous fungus Cryphonectria parasitica.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2013Article
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- Isolation and purification of a novel deca-antifungal peptide from potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Jopung) against Candida albicans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We describe a simple microtiter method for determining the susceptibility of Candida albicans and hyphal forms of Aspergillus fumigatus against antifungal agents. The assay measures mitochondrial respiration by determining reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) to formazan, a process that is enhanced in the presence of menadione. C. albicans or conidial suspensions of A. fumigatus are seeded into microtiter plates. Hyphal outgrowth of Aspergillus spp. was achieved by a 12 to 14-h culture at 30 degrees C. Antifungal agents (amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole) were added to the cultures for 24 h. Thereafter, incubations were continued for 3 h in the presence of MTT plus 0.1 mM menadione. Formazan formation was quantified photometrically after extraction of the formazan with acid isopropanol. Well-defined dose-response curves reflecting impairment of mitochondrial function by the antifungal agents were obtained. With C. albicans, the results correlated excellently with the MIC determinations performed according to the standard macrodilution procedure. In confirmation of a recent report, it was found that fluconazole was unable to exert its fungistatic action on a sensitive C. albicans strain in the presence of serum. The presented method can easily be integrated in the standard repertoire of a diagnostic microbiology laboratory and should prove useful as a means to assess the antifungal action of various agents on yeasts and filamentous fungi in the presence and absence of serum proteins or body fluids.
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