Immunocytochemical localization of secretory acetylcholinesterase of the parasitic nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.

Various parasitic nematodes secrete acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In this study, the localization of AChE in the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and the secretory forms of AChE in culture fluid were examined. A thiocholine method revealed that AChE activity was localized in the subventral glands, which have a secretory and excretory function via a duct connected to the excretory pore. By electron microscopy, AChE activity was found mainly in the matrix of secretory granules, and sometimes in the Golgi apparatus in the subventral gland cells. These results show that nematode AChE is produced and stored in the subventral glands. Monoclonal antibodies against AChE of human erythrocytes or electric rays also bound to the nematode subventral gland, suggesting immuno-cross-reactivity of AChE among these species. When AChE activity in the nematode excretory-secretory product was examined by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis combined with the thiocholine method, intense activity was demonstrated as a single band at 74 kDa. Immunoblot analysis showed specific recognition of this molecule by IgE and IgG1 antibodies, but not by IgG2a antibody, in nematode-infected rat sera. These results indicate that the nematode AChE molecule produced in and secreted from the subventral glands is antigenic for the production of IgE/IgG1 in host animals.