ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1995
Evidence based medicine: an approach to clinical problem-solving.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 138 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
138 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Gram negative wound infection in hospitalised adult burn patients--systematic review and metanalysis-.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- A critical review of biologic mesh use in ventral hernia repairs under contaminated conditions.Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery · 2013Pooled it
- Use of 3x2 tables with an intention to diagnose approach to assess clinical performance of diagnostic tests: meta-analytical evaluation of coronary CT angiography studies.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2012Pooled it
- Barriers to GPs' use of evidence-based medicine: a systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2012Pooled it
- Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in adults with complicated appendicitis: systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of surgery · 2010Pooled it
- The systematic guideline review: method, rationale, and test on chronic heart failure.BMC health services research · 2009Pooled it
- How evidence based is the management of two common sports injuries in a sports injury clinic?British journal of sports medicine · 2005Pooled it
- Sicily statement on evidence-based practice.BMC medical education · 2005Guideline
- The fragility index: how robust are the outcomes of head and neck cancer randomised, controlled trials?The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2024Trial
- [Diurnal frequency patterns of errors made in ophthalmo-surgery. A clinical analysis related to evidence based medicine].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2005Trial
- Same information, different decisions: the influence of evidence on the management of hypertension in the elderly.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 1996Trial
- Physician attitudes towards evidence-based medicine in eastern Saudi Arabia.Annals of Saudi medicineTrial
- Exploring the links between NITAGs and academic institutions: a landscape analysis protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Tackling the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia/benign prostatic obstruction progression: Deobstructing within the "window of curability" (a hypothesis-generating review).Current urology · 2025Article
- Teaching evidence-based medicine in medical education: data on barriers and requirements in non-university and university hospitals.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Large Language Models in Healthcare and Medical Applications: A Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Improving complex systems with improve-mentation: challenges and solutions.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- THE IDEAL HOUSE OFFICER: TRAINEE'S PERSPECTIVES.Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine · 2023Article
- Healthcare providers' understanding of data displays of clinical trial information: a scoping review of the literature.Journal of communication in healthcare · 2023Article
- Tinnitus Guidelines and Their Evidence Base.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
78 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Doctors within the NHS are confronting major changes at work. While we endeavour to improve the quality of health care, junior doctors' hours have been reduced and the emphasis on continuing medical education has increased. We are confronted by a growing body of information, much of it invalid or irrelevant to clinical practice. This article discusses evidence based medicine, a process of turning clinical problems into questions and then systematically locating, appraising, and using contemporaneous research findings as the basis for clinical decisions. The computerisation of bibliographies and the development of software that permits the rapid location of relevant evidence have made it easier for busy clinicians to make best use of the published literature. Critical appraisal can be used to determine the validity and applicability of the evidence, which is then used to inform clinical decisions. Evidence based medicine can be taught to, and practised by, clinicians at all levels of seniority and can be used to close the gulf between good clinical research and clinical practice. In addition it can help to promote self directed learning and teamwork and produce faster and better doctors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.