ArticleThe Journal of cell biology1995
A possible mechanism for the inhibition of ribosomal RNA gene transcription during mitosis.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- The ATRXt Protein Represses rDNA Transcription While Mirroring ATRX Interactions and Heterochromatin Localization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- rRNA transcription is integral to phase separation and maintenance of nucleolar structure.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Real-time imaging of RNA polymerase I activity in living human cells.The Journal of cell biology · 2023Article
- Evolution and dosage compensation of nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) mediated by mobile elements in turtles with female (ZZ/ZW) but not with male (XX/XY) heterogamety.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2022Article
- Mapping the nucleolar proteome reveals a spatiotemporal organization related to intrinsic protein disorder.Molecular systems biology · 2020Article
- The sub-nucleolar localization of PHF6 defines its role in rDNA transcription and early processing events.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2016Article
- Nucleolar DNA: the host and the guests.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2016Review
- Induced expression of nucleolin phosphorylation-deficient mutant confers dominant-negative effect on cell proliferation.PloS one · 2014Article
- rRNA genes are not fully activated in mouse somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2012Article
- Localization of Nopp140 within mammalian cells during interphase and mitosis.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2009Article
- Quantitative analysis of NOR expression in a B chromosome of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans.Chromosoma · 2009Article
- UBF levels determine the number of active ribosomal RNA genes in mammals.The Journal of cell biology · 2008Article
- Asymmetrical distribution of the transcriptionally competent NORs in mitosis.Journal of structural biology · 2008Article
- Modulation of RNA polymerase assembly dynamics in transcriptional regulation.Molecular cell · 2008Article
- Positioning of NORs and NOR-bearing chromosomes in relation to nucleoli.Journal of structural biology · 2007Article
- Nucleolin is required for RNA polymerase I transcription in vivo.Molecular and cellular biology · 2007Article
- The nucleolus: a model for the organization of nuclear functions.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2006Review
- NORs and their transcription competence during the cell cycle.Folia biologica · 2006Article
- Nucleolus: from structure to dynamics.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2006Review
- The perichromosomal layer.Chromosoma · 2005Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
When cells enter mitosis, RNA synthesis ceases. Yet the RNA polymerase I (pol I) transcription machinery involved in the production of pre-rRNA remains bound to the nucleolus organizing region (NOR), the chromosome site harboring the tandemly repeated rRNA genes. Here we examine whether rDNA transcription units are transiently blocked or "frozen" during mitosis. By using fluorescent in situ hybridization we were unable to detect nascent pre-rRNA chains on the NORs of mouse 3T3 and rat kangaroo PtK2 cells. Appropriate controls showed that our approach was sensitive enough to visualize, at the light microscopic level, individual transcriptionally active rRNA genes both in situ after experimental unfolding of nucleoli and in chromatin spreads ("Miller spreads"). Analysis of the cell cycle-dependent redistribution of transcript-associated components also revealed that most transcripts are released from the rDNA at mitosis. Upon disintegration of the nucleolus during mitosis, U3 small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and the nucleolar proteins fibrillarin and nucleolin became dispersed throughout the cytoplasm and were excluded from the NORs. Together, our data rule out the presence of "frozen Christmas-trees" at the mitotic NORs but are compatible with the view that inactive pol I remains on the rDNA. We propose that expression of the rRNA genes is regulated during mitosis at the level of transcription elongation, similarly to what is known for a number of genes transcribed by pol II. Such a mechanism may explain the decondensed state of the NOR chromatin and the immediate transcriptional reactivation of the rRNA genes following mitosis.
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