ReviewCellular and molecular neurobiology1994
Tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels.
Review in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conotoxins Targeting Voltage-Gated Sodium Ion Channels.Pharmacological reviews · 2024Review
- An Updated Review of Tetrodotoxin and Its Peculiarities.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Non-selective (HCN) Ion Channels Regulate Human and Murine Urinary Bladder Contractility.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Reduction of epithelial secretion in male rat distal colonic mucosa by bile acid receptor TGR5 agonist, INT-777: role of submucosal neurons.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2016Article
- Angiotensin II-superoxide-NFκB signaling and aortic baroreceptor dysfunction in chronic heart failure.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2015Review
- Parallel evolution of tetrodotoxin resistance in three voltage-gated sodium channel genes in the garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis.Molecular biology and evolution · 2014Article
- Conotoxins targeting neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes: potential analgesics?Toxins · 2012Review
- Mutually exclusive splicing regulates the Nav 1.6 sodium channel function through a combinatorial mechanism that involves three distinct splicing regulatory elements and their ligands.Nucleic acids research · 2012Article
- Reduced expression and activation of voltage-gated sodium channels contributes to blunted baroreflex sensitivity in heart failure rats.Journal of neuroscience research · 2010Article
- Specific mesenchymal/epithelial induction of olfactory receptor, vomeronasal, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2010Article
- Behavioral and chemical ecology of marine organisms with respect to tetrodotoxin.Marine drugs · 2010Review
- The neonatal splice variant of Nav1.5 potentiates in vitro invasive behaviour of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2007Article
- Cobra ( Naja spp. ) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor exhibits resistance to Erabu sea snake ( Laticauda semifasciata) short-chain alpha-neurotoxin.Journal of molecular evolution · 2004Article
- Article
- Activity-dependent calcium sequestration in dendrites of hippocampal neurons in brain slices.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 1997Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
1. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) has been widely used as a chemical tool for blocking Na+ channels. However, reports are accumulating that some Na+ channels are resistant to TTX in various tissues and in different animal species. Studying the sensitivity of Na+ channels to TTX may provide us with an insight into the evolution of Na+ channels. 2. Na+ channels present in TTX-carrying animals such as pufferfish and some types of shellfish, frogs, salamanders, octopuses, etc., are resistant to TTX. 3. Denervation converts TTX-sensitive Na+ channels to TTX-resistant ones in skeletal muscle cells, i.e., reverting-back phenomenon. Also, undifferentiated skeletal muscle cells contain TTX-resistant Na+ channels. Cardiac muscle cells and some types of smooth muscle cells are considerably insensitive to TTX. 4. TTX-resistant Na+ channels have been found in cell bodies of many peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons in both immature and mature animals. However, TTX-resistant Na+ channels have been reported in only a few types of central nervous system (CNS). Axons of PNS and CNS neurons are sensitive to TTX. However, some glial cells have TTX-resistant Na+ channels. 5. Properties of TTX-sensitive and TTX-resistant Na+ channels are different. Like Ca2+ channels, TTX-resistant Na+ channels can be blocked by inorganic (Co2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, La3+) and organic (D-600) Ca2+ channel blockers. Usually, TTX-resistant Na+ channels show smaller single-channel conductance, slower kinetics, and a more positive current-voltage relation than TTX-sensitive ones. 6. Molecular aspects of the TTX-resistant Na+ channel have been described. The structure of the channel has been revealed, and changing its amino acid(s) alters the sensitivity of the Na+ channel to TTX. 7. TTX-sensitive Na+ channels seem to be used preferentially in differentiated cells and in higher animals instead of TTX-resistant Na+ channels for rapid and effective processing of information. 8. Possible evolution courses for Na+ and Ca2+ channels are discussed with regard to ontogenesis and phylogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.