ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology1995
Development and evaluation of PCR assay for detection of low levels of Cowdria ruminantium infection in Amblyomma ticks not detected by DNA probe.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular detection of Ehrlichia ruminantium in ticks from ruminants during the 2021 Rift Valley fever outbreak in Mananjary, Madagascar.Parasitology research · 2025Article
- Molecular Detection of Ehrlichia ruminantium in Cattle From Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Cameroon: Implication for the Understanding of the Heartwater Epidemiology.Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Article
- Microbial population analysis of the salivary glands of ticks; a possible strategy for the surveillance of bacterial pathogens.PloS one · 2014Article
- Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for rapid detection of Ehrlichia ruminantium.BMC microbiology · 2010Article
- Longitudinal monitoring of Ehrlichia ruminantium infection in Gambian lambs and kids by pCS20 PCR and MAP1-B ELISA.BMC infectious diseases · 2007Article
- Molecular detection of Ehrlichia ruminantium infection in Amblyomma variegatum ticks in The Gambia.Experimental & applied acarology · 2007Article
- Ehrlichia ruminantium, Sudan.Emerging infectious diseases · 2005Article
- Development of a p28-based PCR assay for Ehrlichia chaffeensis.Molecular and cellular probes · 2004Article
- Antibody responses to MAP 1B and other Cowdria ruminantium antigens are down regulated in cattle challenged with tick-transmitted heartwater.Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology · 2001Article
- Detection of the agent of heartwater, Cowdria ruminantium, in Amblyomma ticks by PCR: validation and application of the assay to field ticks.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2000Article
- Molecular detection of pathogen DNA in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae): a review.Experimental & applied acarology · 1999Review
- Body lice as tools for diagnosis and surveillance of reemerging diseases.Journal of clinical microbiology · 1999Article
- 5' nuclease PCR assay to detect Yersinia pestis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 1998Article
- Development and evaluation of a PCR-based assay for detection of Haemobartonella felis in cats and differentiation of H. felis from related bacteria by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 1998Article
- Ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup rickettsiae in ixodid ticks from California collected in 1995 and 1996.Journal of clinical microbiology · 1997Article
- Detection of Theileria annulata by the PCR in ticks (Acari:Ixodidae) collected from cattle in Mauritania.Experimental & applied acarology · 1997Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The sensitivities of a PCR assay and a DNA probe assay were compared for the detection of Cowdria ruminantium in Amblyomma ticks that were fed on C. ruminantium-infected, clinically reacting, and recovered carrier animals. The PCR assay and DNA probe detected infection in 86.0 and 37.0%, respectively, of 100 ticks fed on a febrile animal. In 75 ticks fed on carrier animals, PCR and the DNA probe detected infection in 28.0 and 1.33% of ticks, respectively. This demonstrates that the DNA probe has poor sensitivity for the detection of low levels of infection in ticks and that PCR is necessary for this purpose. The PCR assay had a detection limit of between 1 and 10 C. ruminantium organisms and did not amplify DNA from Ehrlichia canis, which is phylogenetically closely related to C. ruminantium, Theileria parva, or uninfected Amblyomma hebraeum or A. variegatum. PCR detected infection in A. hebraeum and A. variegatum adult ticks infected with one of six geographically different C. ruminantium strains. Amplification was also possible from desiccated ticks and ticks fixed in 70% ethanol, 10% buffered formalin, or 2% glutaraldehyde. The PCR assay supersedes the DNA probe and older detection methods for the detection of C. ruminantium in ticks, particularly those fed on carrier animals, and is suitable for both prospective and retrospective studies which require accurate detection of C. ruminantium in individual ticks. Application of the PCR assay should significantly improve the understanding of heartwater epidemiology, particularly through the determination of field tick infection rates.
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