ArticleJournal of virology1993
Characterization of novel reverse transcriptase encoding human endogenous retroviral sequences similar to type A and type B retroviruses: differential transcription in normal human tissues.
Article in Journal of virology, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transactivation of the novel 5' cis-acting element of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) by human retroviral transactivators Tat and Tax.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Causes and Consequences of Varying Transposable Element Activity: An Evolutionary Perspective.Annual review of genomics and human genetics · 2024Review
- Molecular architecture and conservation of an immature human endogenous retrovirus.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Molecular architecture and conservation of an immature human endogenous retrovirus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) reverse transcriptase (RT) structure and biochemistry reveals remarkable similarities to HIV-1 RT and opportunities for HERV-K-specific inhibition.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Comprehensive Characterization of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-K(HML-6) Group: Overview of Structure, Phylogeny, and Contribution to the Human Genome.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus-K (HML-2): a comprehensive review.Critical reviews in microbiology · 2018Review
- Nomenclature for endogenous retrovirus (ERV) loci.Retrovirology · 2018Review
- Prehistoric enemies within: The contribution of human endogenous retroviruses to neurological diseases. Meeting report: "Second International Workshop on Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Disease", Washington DC, March 13th and 14th 2017.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2017Article
- Molecular functions of human endogenous retroviruses in health and disease.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2015Review
- Increased expression and copy number amplification of LINE-1 and SINE B1 retrotransposable elements in murine mammary carcinoma progression.Oncotarget · 2013Article
- HERV-K(HML-2), the Best Preserved Family of HERVs: Endogenization, Expression, and Implications in Health and Disease.Frontiers in oncology · 2013Review
- Studies of endogenous retroviruses reveal a continuing evolutionary saga.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2012Review
- Characterization of human endogenous retroviral elements in the blood of HIV-1-infected individuals.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Epigenetic control of embryonic renal cell differentiation by L1 retrotransposon.Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology · 2011Article
- Human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: innocent bystanders or disease determinants?Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2011Review
- Identification of active loci of a human endogenous retrovirus in neurons of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Annals of neurology · 2011Article
- HLA-A allele associations with viral MER9-LTR nucleotide sequences at two distinct loci within the MHC alpha block.Immunogenetics · 2009Article
- Integration target site selection by a resurrected human endogenous retrovirus.Genes & development · 2009Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K(HML-2) encodes a stable signal peptide with biological properties distinct from Rec.Retrovirology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify genomic DNA and reverse-transcribed RNA from human lymphocytes, using primers derived from conserved regions within the retroviral reverse transcriptase. Sequencing of 33 cloned amplification products revealed that a variety of sequences with similarity to mouse mammary tumor virus, mouse intracisternal A particle, and human endogenous retrovirus K10 were detected with this primer pair. The sequences were divided into six subgroups, with a nucleotide sequence dissimilarity of about 25% between the subgroups. Members within five of the subgroups were most closely related to human endogenous retrovirus K10 and mouse mammary tumor virus, whereas sequences of the sixth subgroup also showed similarity to mouse intracisternal A particle. Ten of the sequences had open reading frames with preference for silent mutations at conserved sites. Southern blot analysis showed that some HML (human endogenous MMTV-like) subgroups (HML-4 and HML-5) were present in a few copies (about 5), whereas others (HML-1 to HML-3 and HML-6) were present in at least 10 to 20 copies per genome. Northern (RNA) blot analysis revealed that several of the subgroups are differentially expressed in human normal tissues. A complex pattern of transcripts from about 12 to 1.4 kb was found in several of the tissues tested. However, the most abundant expression was detected in lung (all subgroups), skeletal muscle (HML-4 and HML-5), placenta (HML-2 and HML-5), and kidney (HML-2, HML-3 and HML-5). Expression of reverse transcriptase sequences in human tissues may have biological consequences. The described sequences are similar to elements which cause carcinoma and are immunoregulatory in mice. It remains to be seen whether human sequences also have such functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.