ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1993
Physiologic relevance of the membrane attack complex inhibitory protein CD59 in human seminal plasma: CD59 is present on extracellular organelles (prostasomes), binds cell membranes, and inhibits complement-mediated lysis.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Complement Research: from Pathophysiology to Precision Medicine.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Innate Immunity and Microbial Recognition in Reproduction: From Barrier Defense to Maternal-Fetal Tolerance.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Role of Seminal Exosomes in Reproduction.Journal of cellular physiology · 2025Review
- Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis of Brain Metastasis.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Review
- Human Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) on Human Seminal Fluid Extracellular Vesicles Is Proteolytically Active.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles from seminal plasma interact with T cells in vitro and drive their differentiation into regulatory T-cells.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- (Patho)Physiology of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins II: Intercellular Transfer of Matter (Inheritance?) That Matters.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Extracellular vesicles as personalized medicine.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2023Review
- (Patho)Physiology of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins I: Localization at Plasma Membranes and Extracellular Compartments.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Semen Proteomics of COVID-19 Convalescent Men Reveals Disruption of Key Biological Pathways Relevant to Male Reproductive Function.ACS omega · 2022Article
- In sickness and in health: The functional role of extracellular vesicles in physiology and pathology in vivo: Part I: Health and Normal Physiology: Part I: Health and Normal Physiology.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2022Review
- Simulating nature in sperm selection for assisted reproduction.Nature reviews. Urology · 2022Review
- The transformative impact of extracellular vesicles on developing sperm.Reproduction & fertility · 2021Review
- Nanoparticles in pregnancy: the next frontier in reproductive therapeutics.Human reproduction update · 2021Review
- Proteomic Profiling of Two Distinct Populations of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Human Seminal Plasma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- A Higher Abundance of O-Linked Glycans Confers a Selective Advantage to High Fertile Buffalo Spermatozoa for Immune-Evasion From Neutrophils.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Effects on prostate cancer cells of targeting RNA polymerase III.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Vehicles of intercellular communication: exosomes and HIV-1.The Journal of general virology · 2019Review
- Driving the Next Generation: Paternal Lifetime Experiences Transmitted via Extracellular Vesicles and Their Small RNA Cargo.Biological psychiatry · 2019Review
- Extracellular vesicles in human semen modulate antigen-presenting cell function and decrease downstream antiviral T cell responses.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We demonstrate here that CD59, an inhibitor of the membrane attack complex (MAC) of the complement system, is present in cell-free seminal plasma (SP) at a concentration of at least 20 micrograms/ml. Analyses by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blotting, and Edman degradation indicated that this protein, SP CD59, was similar, if not identical, to CD59 isolated from erythrocyte (E) membranes (E CD59). Like purified E CD59, SP CD59 also possesses a glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchor and incorporates into the membranes of heterologous cells where it inhibits lysis by the human MAC. This phenomenon could be demonstrated not only if cells were incubated with purified SP CD59 but also if unfractionated SP were used. Further, CD59 in unfractionated SP bound to washed spermatozoa, increasing their membrane content of the protein. The mechanism by which this protein retains its GPI anchor while apparently present in the fluid phase is of interest and was further investigated. Using the techniques of high-speed centrifugation, fast performance liquid chromatography fractionation, and electron microscopy, we found that all detectable SP CD59 was associated with vesicular extracellular organelles. These organelles, named "prostasomes," were previously known to be present in SP and to interact with spermatozoa, although their function was uncertain. Interaction of heterologous E with prostasomes rendered the cells more resistant to lysis by human MACs. We propose that these organelles represent a pool of CD59 from which protein lost from spermatozoa, perhaps as a result of low level complement attack or of normal membrane turnover, can be replenished.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.