ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1993
5' control regions of the apolipoprotein(a) gene and members of the related plasminogen gene family.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Circulating Levels of Lipoprotein (a): A Meta-analysis.BioMed research international · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of ezetimibe on plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations as monotherapy or in combination with statins: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Scientific reports · 2018Pooled it
- IL-6 blockade by monoclonal antibodies inhibits apolipoprotein (a) expression and lipoprotein (a) synthesis in humans.Journal of lipid research · 2015Trial
- Mendelian Randomization Reveals Interleukin-6 Receptor-Lipoprotein(a) Interplay With Independent Cardiovascular Risk Reductions.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2026Article
- Effect of IL-6 inhibition on lipoprotein(a) levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Review
- The Emerging Lipid Risk: Lipoprotein(a).Korean circulation journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease.The Biochemical journal · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in Targeted Management of Inflammation In Atherosclerosis: A Narrative Review.Cardiology and therapy · 2024Review
- Intra-individual variability in lipoprotein(a): the value of a repeat measure for reclassifying individuals at intermediate risk.European heart journal open · 2024Article
- Lipoprotein (a)-Related Inflammatory Imbalance: A Novel Horizon for the Development of Atherosclerosis.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
- Comparative Analysis of Atherogenic Lipoproteins L5 and Lp(a) in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
- Genetics and Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Lipoprotein(a)-Associated Cardiovascular Risk.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Review
- Apolipoprotein(a) production and clearance are associated with plasma IL-6 and IL-18 levels, dependent on ethnicity.Atherosclerosis · 2024Article
- Oxidized phospholipids in cardiovascular disease.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Lipoprotein(a) and thromboembolism: current state of knowledge and unsolved issues.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Lipoprotein(a) As a Potential Predictive Factor for Earlier Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Effects of Lipid-Modifying and Other Drugs on Lipoprotein(a) Levels-Potent Clinical Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Lipoprotein(a) beyond the kringle IV repeat polymorphism: The complexity of genetic variation in the LPA gene.Atherosclerosis · 2022Review
- Association between COVID-19 Diagnosis and Coronary Artery Thrombosis: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Elevated blood levels of apolipoprotein(a), the component of lipoprotein(a) that distinguishes it from low density lipoprotein, are a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. The apolipoprotein(a) gene is highly similar to the plasminogen gene and to at least four other genes or pseudogenes. The 5' untranslated and flanking sequences of these six genes contain extensive regions of near identity and share sequence elements involved in the initiation of transcription and translation. About 1000 base pairs of flanking DNA of each gene are sufficient to promote transcription in cultured hepatocytes. The apolipoprotein(a) gene promoter contains functional interleukin 6-responsive elements, consistent with the reported acute-phase response of apolipoprotein(a). Flanking genomic fragments of the apoliprotein(a) gene from two individuals with vastly different plasma apolipoprotein(a) concentrations have sequence differences that are reflected in differences in the rate of in vitro transcription.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.