ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1993
Displacement-clamp measurement of the forces exerted by gating springs in the hair bundle.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gating-spring stiffness increases outer-hair-cell bundle stiffness, damping, and receptor current.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- LHFPL5 is a key element in force transmission from the tip link to the hair cell mechanotransducer channel.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Liquid-liquid phase separation in hair cell stereocilia development and maintenance.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2023Review
- cAMP and voltage modulate rat auditory mechanotransduction by decreasing the stiffness of gating springs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Fast adaptation of cooperative channels engenders Hopf bifurcations in auditory hair cells.Biophysical journal · 2022Article
- Single-molecule force spectroscopy reveals the dynamic strength of the hair-cell tip-link connection.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Dynamics of Mechanically Coupled Hair-Cell Bundles of the Inner Ear.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Weakening of interaction networks with aging in tip-link protein induces hearing loss.The Biochemical journal · 2021Article
- Fast recovery of disrupted tip links induced by mechanical displacement of hair bundles.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Structural determinants of protocadherin-15 mechanics and function in hearing and balance perception.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Stereocilia Rootlets: Actin-Based Structures That Are Essential for Structural Stability of the Hair Bundle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Elasticity of individual protocadherin 15 molecules implicates tip links as the gating springs for hearing.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Stiffness and tension gradients of the hair cell's tip-link complex in the mammalian cochlea.eLife · 2019Article
- Beyond Cell-Cell Adhesion: Sensational Cadherins for Hearing and Balance.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2018Review
- Article
- Tuning Inner-Ear Tip-Link Affinity Through Alternatively Spliced Variants of Protocadherin-15.Biochemistry · 2018Article
- Lipid bilayer mediates ion-channel cooperativity in a model of hair-cell mechanotransduction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- A Model for Link Pruning to Establish Correctly Polarized and Oriented Tip Links in Hair Bundles.Biophysical journal · 2017Article
- Usher syndrome type 1-associated cadherins shape the photoreceptor outer segment.The Journal of cell biology · 2017Article
- A Partial Calcium-Free Linker Confers Flexibility to Inner-Ear Protocadherin-15.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2017Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli applied to the hair bundle of a hair cell are communicated to the transduction channels by gating springs, elastic elements that are stretched when the bundle is displaced toward its tall edge. To quantify the magnitude and time dependence of the forces exerted by gating springs, we have developed a displacement-clamp system that constrains a bundle's motion while measuring the forces that the bundle produces during adaptation to mechanical stimuli, in response to channel blockage, and upon destruction of the gating springs. Our results suggest that each gating spring exerts a tension of approximately 8 pN in the resting bundle and can sustain at least 4-13 pN of additional tension. The experiments provide further evidence that the gating springs account for at least one-third of the hair bundle's dynamic stiffness and that a force of approximately 100 fN is sufficient to open a single transduction channel.
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