Evidence map›Paper›PMID 7677830›Full record

ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1995

Changing to generic formulary: how one fundholding practice reduced prescribing costs.

J S Dowell, D Snadden, J A Dunbar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Sharing resources to create a district drug formulary: a countywide controlled trial.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 1996
    Trial
  3. The impact of physician-level drug budgets on prescribing behavior.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2018
    Article
  4. Effectiveness, safety and cost of drug substitution in hypertension.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2010
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Quality measurement of care for people with type 2 diabetes in Tayside, Scotland: implications for the new UK general practice contract.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2003
    Article
  7. Exploring factors associated with patients' satisfaction with medication change: a questionnaire survey.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2002
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. The impact of a general practice group intervention on prescribing costs and patterns.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2002
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. General practice fundholding: progress to date.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 1998
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Formulary revision: eliciting the opinions of users.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 1996
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Computer based prescribing.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 1995
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

J S DowellTayside Centre for General Practice, Westgate Health Centre, Dundee.
D Snadden
J A Dunbar

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo observe one general practice's attempt to reduce prescribing costs on becoming third wave fundholders through the introduction of a generic formulary applied to all new and repeat prescribing. To assess the impact on patients and prescribing patterns.

designAn observational study using interviews with patients and practitioners; questionnaires for patients and prescribing data.

settingOne urban general practice with five partners in Scotland. It became fundholding in April 1993. SUBJECTS: 71 searches of the register of repeat prescriptions identified 1274 potential changes in drugs. Questionnaires were sent to a stratified random sample of 280 patients four months after the changes were made; 33 interviews were conducted with 17 patients selected by local pharmacists to represent a wide range of opinion.

main outcome measuresChanges in prescribing and response and satisfaction of patients.

resultsOf intended changes, 129 (70%) were in place after four months. Thirty three (20%) of the 167 patients who returned questionnaires were "very unhappy," though interviews suggested that this was primarily with the communication they received rather than the change itself. Generic prescribing rose from one in three (37%) to over a half (58%). The volume of treatment dispensed (as treatment days) fell by 67,674 (10.7%), and the average cost per day's treatment fell by 3.1 p from 32.3 p per day in 1992 (9.4%), producing a total absolute saving of 24% (137,712 pounds) over the first year.

conclusionThis practice has achieved a large reduction in prescribing costs rapidly. These were tolerated by patients, none of whom is thought to have left the practice for this reason. Great care must be taken to inform patients appropriately.

Indexed as

Formularies as TopicCommunicationDrug CostsDrug PrescriptionsDrugs, GenericFamily PracticeHumansPatient SatisfactionPhysician-Patient RelationsPractice Patterns, Physicians'ScotlandSurveys and QuestionnairesUrban HealthDrugs, Generic

Identifiers

PMID7677830
PMCPMC2548880

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.