ArticleClinical and experimental immunology1995
Altered Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in the intestinal mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease as assessed by quantitative reversed transcribed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 393 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intestinal cytokine mRNA expression in canine inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis with critical appraisal.Comparative medicine · 2009Pooled it
- Higher serum vitamin D levels are associated with protective serum cytokine profiles in patients with ulcerative colitis.Cytokine · 2018Trial
- Oral vitamin D3 supplementation reduces monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation and cytokine production in Crohn's disease patients.Inflammopharmacology · 2014Trial
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- Interferon beta-1a in ulcerative colitis: a placebo controlled, randomised, dose escalating study.Gut · 2003Trial
- Interleukin 10 (Tenovil) in the prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease.Gut · 2001Trial
- Predictors of endoscopic inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis in clinical remission.Inflammatory bowel diseasesTrial
- Characteristics of T-Cells Expressing IL-37 and Its Receptors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Evaluating the analgesic effect of metamizole in the mouse model for DSS-induced acute colitis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines as candidate markers in the diagnosis and assessment of Crohn's disease activity.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Article
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- Potential roles of enteric glial cells in Crohn's disease: A critical review.Cell proliferation · 2024Review
- Beneficial effects of alpha-1 antitrypsin therapy in a mouse model of colitis-associated colon cancer.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Mucosal Interleukin-10 depletion in steroid-refractory Crohn's disease patients.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Article
- Cytokine Mixtures Mimicking the Local Milieu in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Impact Phenotype and Function of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.Stem cells translational medicine · 2022Article
- Gene expression analysis of intestinal IL-8, IL-17 A and IL-10 in patients with celiac and inflammatory bowel diseases.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Enteric Glial Cells in Immunological Disorders of the Gut.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- The regulatory mechanism and potential application of IL-23 in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytokines serve a central function as key factors in the regulation of the intestinal immune response and mediation of tissue damage in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Abnormalities in the expression of immunoregulatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) may indicate a dysregulation of intestinal immunity probably associated with pathogenic events. Therefore, cytokine mRNA concentrations were determined in the mucosa of patients with IBD at sites of active (n = 13) and inactive (n = 12) ulcerative colitis (UC), active (n = 11) and inactive (n = 11) Crohn's disease (CD) and in control patients (n = 14) using quantitative RT-PCR. IL-10 mRNA concentrations were significantly increased in patients with both active UC (P < 0.001) and active CD (P < 0.005) compared with control patients. IFN-gamma mRNA concentrations were also significantly increased both in patients with active UC (P < 0.02) and active CD (P < 0.05) compared with control patients, whereas IL-2 mRNA levels were significantly (P < 0.02) increased only in active CD. IL-4 mRNA expression in the intestinal mucosa was frequently below the detection limit. Our results demonstrate that chronic intestinal inflammation in patients with CD is characterized by an increase of Th1-like cytokines. Furthermore, the increased IL-10 mRNA expression at sites of active IBD suggests that IL-10 is an important regulatory component involved in the control of the inflammatory response in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.