ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1995
Apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis synovium.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 383 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fas/FasL, Bcl2 and Caspase-8 gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology international · 2016Pooled it
- Therapeutic Properties and Underlying Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Integrative Review of Clinical and Molecular Findings.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- RA-risk synovium exhibits DNA damage coupled with impaired DNA repair in fibroblasts.RMD open · 2026Article
- Targeting the BCL2 Family: Advances and Challenges in BH3 Mimetic-Based Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Recent Progress in Peptide-Based Fluorescent Probes Biomedical Applications: A Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Apoptotic cell clearance components in inflammatory arthritis.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Regulatory mechanisms of autophagy-related ncRNAs in bone metabolic diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Regulation of activated T cell survival in rheumatic autoimmune diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
- Autophagy: An important target for natural products in the treatment of bone metabolic diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Understanding the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: New Treatment Strategies.Cells · 2021Review
- Polyphenols Targeting MAPK Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Cell-Free DNA in Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- A novel apoptosis probe, cyclic ApoPep-1, for in vivo imaging with multimodal applications in chronic inflammatory arthritis.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2021Article
- RA-map: building a state-of-the-art interactive knowledge base for rheumatoid arthritis.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2020Article
- C2 IgM Natural Antibody Enhances Inflammation and Its Use in the Recombinant Single Chain Antibody-Fused Complement Inhibitor C2-Crry to Target Therapeutics to Joints Attenuates Arthritis in Mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Effect of electroacupuncture at the ST36 and GB39 acupoints on apoptosis by regulating the p53 signaling pathway in adjuvant arthritis rats.Molecular medicine reports · 2019Article
- Role of Exosomes in the Regulation of T-cell Mediated Immune Responses and in Autoimmune Disease.Cells · 2019Review
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RA synovial tissue (ST) was studied to determine if and where apoptosis occurs in situ. Genomic DNA was extracted from 5 RA and 1 osteoarthritis ST samples. Agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated DNA ladders characteristic for apoptosis from each tissue. In situ and labeling (ISEL) was used to identify DNA strand breaks consistent with apoptosis in frozen sections. 12 RA and 4 osteoarthritis ST were studied by ISEL and all were positive, but only 2 of 4 normal tissues were positive. The primary location of apopotic cells was the synovial lining. Some sublining cells were also positive, but lymphoid aggregate staining was conspicuously absent. Immunohistochemistry and ISEL were combined and showed that the lining cells with DNA strand breaks were mainly macrophages, although some fibroblastlike cells were also labeled. Sublining cells with fragmented DNA included macrophages and fibroblasts, but T cells in lymphoid aggregates, which expressed large amounts of bcl-2, were spared. DNA strand breaks in cultured fibroblastlike synoviocytes was assessed using ISEL. Apoptosis could be induced by actinomycin D, anti-fas antibody, IL-1, and TNF-alpha but not by IFN-gamma. Fas expression was also detected on fibroblast-like synoviocytes using flow cytometry. Therefore, DNA strand breaks occur in synovium of patients with arthritis. Cytokines regulate this process, and the cytokine profile in RA (high IL-1/TNF; low IFN-gamma) along with local oxidant injury might favor induction of apoptosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.