Nicorandil safety in the long-term treatment of coronary heart disease.

The results of an open prospective study that evaluated the long-term clinical safety of nicorandil are presented. This study included 199 patients with severe chronic stable angina treated over a 1-year period. The most often reported adverse event was headache, which was responsible for most of the study withdrawals due to clinical intolerance (9.6%). When using a progressive titration scheme, this incidence was substantially reduced to 2.7%. As with other less frequent adverse events (dizziness, gastrointestinal disorders), headaches were reported as being mild to moderate in severity, were experienced during the first days of treatment, and, if treatment was maintained, usually resolved within a few days. The incidence of adverse events was not modified when nicorandil was given in combination with a beta-blocker, a calcium antagonist, or both agents. Cardiovascular safety was satisfactory and laboratory parameters were not altered. At the end of the study, 70% of patients were maintained on nicorandil. These results are in agreement with those reported from the nicorandil safety database, which gathered 1152 patients treated by nicorandil, including those of the present study. In comparative studies of nicorandil versus beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, or nitrates, the overall incidence of adverse events was no different between the two treatment groups, although the safety profile differed according to the drug category.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)