ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1995
Macrophage-specific expression of human apolipoprotein E reduces atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-null mice.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 282 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
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- Border-zone cardiomyocytes and macrophages regulate extracellular matrix remodeling to promote cardiomyocyte protrusion during cardiac regeneration.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Updates in Alzheimer's disease: from basic research to diagnosis and therapies.Translational neurodegeneration · 2024Review
- Enhanced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout rabbits: role of apoB48-rich remnant lipoproteins.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Endothelial CellArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2023Article
- Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Synthetic lipoproteins based on apolipoprotein E coupled to fullerenol have anti-atherosclerotic properties.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2022Article
- Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Review
- Apolipoprotein E derived from CD11ciScience · 2022Article
- COVID-19 enters the expanding network of apolipoprotein E4-related pathologies.Redox biology · 2021Review
- Article
- Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: pathophysiological, genetic, and therapeutic insights: a consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel.European heart journal · 2020 · on this mapArticle
- Altered Tregs Differentiation and Impaired Autophagy Correlate to Atherosclerotic Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Immune cell metabolism in autoimmunity.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Review
- The Opposite Effect of c-Jun Transcription Factor on Apolipoprotein E Gene Regulation in Hepatocytes and Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Article
- Apoproteins E, A-I, and SAA in Macrophage Pathobiology Related to Atherogenesis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Review
- Apoprotein E and Reverse Cholesterol Transport.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Differential Gene Expression in Macrophages From Human Atherosclerotic Plaques Shows Convergence on Pathways Implicated by Genome-Wide Association Study Risk Variants.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2018Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
apoE deficiency causes hyperlipidemia and premature atherosclerosis. To determine if macrophage-specific expression of apoE would decrease the extent of atherosclerosis, we expressed human apoE in macrophages of apoE-null mice (apoE-/-) and assessed the effect on lipid accumulation in cells of the arterial wall. Macrophage-specific expression of human apoE in normal mice was obtained by use of the visna virus LTR. These animals were bred with apoE-/- mice to produce animals hemizygous for expression of human apoE in macrophages in the absence of murine apoE (apoE-/-,hTgE+/0). Low levels of human apoE mRNA were present in liver and spleen and high levels in lung and peritoneal macrophages. Human apoE was secreted by peritoneal macrophages and was detected in Kupffer cells of the liver. Human apoE in the plasma of apoE-/-,hTgE+/0 mice (n = 30) was inversely correlated (P < 0.005) with the plasma cholesterol concentration. After 15 wk on a normal chow diet, atherosclerosis was assessed in apoE-/-,hTgE+/0 animals and in apoE-/-,hTgE0/0 littermates matched for plasma cholesterol level (approximately 450 mg/dl) and lipoprotein profile. There was significantly less atherosclerosis in both the aortic sinus and in the proximal aorta (P < 0.0001) in the animals expressing the human apoE transgene. In apo-E-/-,hTgE+/0 animals, which had detectable atherosclerotic lesions, human apoE was detected in the secretory apparatus of macrophage-derived foam cells in the arterial wall. The data demonstrate that expression of apoE by macrophages is antiatherogenic even in the presence of high levels of atherogenic lipoproteins. The data suggest that apoE prevents atherosclerosis by promoting cholesterol efflux from cells of the arterial wall.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.