ArticleImmunology1995
Establishment of T-helper type 1- and T-helper type 2-like human Toxoplasma antigen-specific T-cell clones.
Article in Immunology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the potential of Toxoplasma gondii in drug development and as a delivery system.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Review
- The pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2021Article
- Key Limitations and New Insights Into theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Human immunity to Toxoplasma gondii.PLoS pathogens · 2019Review
- Mechanisms of Human Innate Immune Evasion byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Review
- Restriction of Toxoplasma gondii growth in human brain microvascular endothelial cells by activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
- A switch towards Th2 during serological rebound in children with congenital toxoplasmosis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 1999Article
- Inhibition of T cell proliferation by macrophage tryptophan catabolism.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1999Article
- Severe toxoplasmosis caused by a Toxoplasma gondii strain with a new isoenzyme type acquired in French Guyana.Journal of clinical microbiology · 1998Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As an in vitro model for human cerebral toxoplasmosis, we analysed the interaction between glioblastoma cells, Toxoplasma and Toxoplasma antigen-specific T-helper cells. We established 46 different human CD4+ T-cell clones from four different donors. All T-cell clones responded to Toxoplasma antigen derived from three different Toxoplasma strains. We found that the supernatants of 44 clones induced toxoplasmostasis in glioblastoma cells. The anti-parasitic effector mechanism activated in glioblastoma cells by T-cell supernatants was the induction of the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Enzyme induction, as well as the anti-parasitic effect, was blocked by a monoclonal antibody directed against interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and the addition of L-tryptophan to the cultures completely blocked the anti-parasitic effect induced by T-cell supernatants. The supernatants from two of the 46 established T-cell clones (3A22 and 1A15) were unable to induce indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity or, as expected, toxoplasmostasis in glioblastoma cells. We further analysed the supernatants from these two clones, and found that they contained large amounts of IL-4 and no, or only limited amounts of, IFN-gamma. We therefore conclude that Toxoplasma-antigen is able to activate T-helper type 1 (Th1)- and Th2-like human T cells, and only IFN-gamma-producing cells are capable of inducing anti-parasitic effector mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
7590886PMC1383813W2356080282What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.