ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1995
Interleukin 4 and T helper type 2 cells are required for development of experimental onchocercal keratitis (river blindness).
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aspergillus fumigatus Hypoxia Adaptation Is Critical for the Establishment of Fungal Keratitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Eosinophils in filarial infections: Inducers of protection or pathology?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- NKp46Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Molecular Docking Simulation Studies Identifies Potential Natural Product Derived-Antiwolbachial Compounds as Filaricides against Onchocerciasis.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Onchocerciasis Fingerprints in the Geriatric Population: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Review
- Development and validation of an Onchocerca ochengi microfilarial hamster model for onchocerciasis drug screens.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Pattern recognition receptors in microbial keratitis.Eye (London, England) · 2015Review
- Differential induction of Th2- and Th1-associated responses by filarial antigens and endosymbiotic Wolbachia in a murine model of river blindness.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2012Article
- Gamma interferon and interleukin-1 receptor 1 regulate neutrophil recruitment to the corneal stroma in a murine model of Onchocerca volvulus keratitis.Infection and immunity · 2009Article
- MyD88 regulation of Fusarium keratitis is dependent on TLR4 and IL-1R1 but not TLR2.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2008Article
- CD4+ T cells in the pathogenesis of murine ocular toxoplasmosis.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
- [Eye-associated lymphoid tissue (EALT) is continuously spread throughout the ocular surface from the lacrimal gland to the lacrimal drainage system].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2003Article
- CD4(+) depletion selectively inhibits eosinophil recruitment to the cornea and abrogates Onchocerca volvulus keratitis (River blindness).Infection and immunity · 2000Article
- Experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis: influence of Th2 bias.International journal of experimental pathology · 1999Article
- Interleukin-12 modulates T-cell responses to microfilariae but fails to abrogate interleukin-5-dependent immunity in a mouse model of onchocerciasis.Immunology · 1999Article
- Pathogenesis of onchocercal keratitis (River blindness).Clinical microbiology reviews · 1999Review
- The role of neutralizing antibody and T-helper subtypes in protection and pathogenesis of vaccinated mice following ocular HSV-1 challenge.Immunology · 1998Article
- Interleukin-12 suppresses filaria-induced pulmonary eosinophilia, deposition of major basic protein and airway hyperresponsiveness.Parasite immunology · 1998Article
- Differences in the frequency of cytokine-producing cells in antigenemic and nonantigenemic individuals with bancroftian filariasis.Infection and immunity · 1998Article
- Endogenous interleukin 4 is required for development of protective CD4+ T helper type 1 cell responses to Candida albicans.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1998Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammation of the corneal stroma (stromal keratitis) is a serious complication of infection with the nematode parasite Onchocerca volvulus. Because stromal keratitis is believed to be immunologically mediated in humans, we used a murine model to examine the role of T cells and T helper cell cytokines in the immunopathogenesis of these eye lesions. BALB/c mice immunized subcutaneously and injected intrastromally with soluble O. volvulus antigens (OvAg) developed pronounced corneal opacification and neovascularization. The corneal stroma was edematous and contained numerous eosinophils and mononuclear cells. Stromal keratitis in immunized mice was determined to be T cell dependent based on the following observations: (a) T cell-deficient nude mice immunized and injected intrastromally with OvAg fail to develop corneal pathology; and (b) adoptive transfer of spleen cells from OvAg-immunized BALB/c mice to naive nude mice before intrastromal injection of OvAg results in development of keratitis. OvAg-stimulated lymph node and spleen cell cytokine production was dependent on CD4 cells and included interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5, but not interferon gamma, indicating a predominant T helper type 2 cell-like response. Inflamed corneas from immunized BALB/c mice and from reconstituted nude mice had greatly elevated CD4 and IL-4 gene expression compared with interferon gamma. Mice in which the IL-4 gene was disrupted failed to develop corneal disease, demonstrating that IL-4 is essential in the immunopathogenesis of O. volvulus-mediated stromal keratitis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.