ReviewClinical microbiology reviews1995
Bacterial pyrogenic exotoxins as superantigens.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 280 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blocking Superantigen-Mediated Diseases: Challenges and Future Trends.Journal of immunology research · 2024Review
- Pyroptosis and airway homeostasis regulation.Physiological research · 2023Review
- Superantigens and SARS-CoV-2.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Toxicity of combined exposure to acrylamide andToxicology reports · 2022Article
- Early intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for group A β-haemolytic streptococcal meningitis with toxic shock syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2021Article
- Toxins and Superantigens of Group A Streptococci.Microbiology spectrum · 2019Article
- The effect of vaginal microbial communities on colonization by Staphylococcus aureus with the gene for toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1): a case-control study.Pathogens and disease · 2018Article
- Staphylococcal enterotoxin-like X (SElX) is a unique superantigen with functional features of two major families of staphylococcal virulence factors.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Article
- Superantigens hyperinduce inflammatory cytokines by enhancing the B7-2/CD28 costimulatory receptor interaction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Cloning, expression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 1 (SSL1).Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2014Article
- Antibiotic susceptibilities, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin gene profiles among clinical isolates of group C or G Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis & of group G S. anginosus group at a tertiary care centre.The Indian journal of medical research · 2014Article
- Update on staphylococcal superantigen-induced signaling pathways and therapeutic interventions.Toxins · 2013Review
- 'Stalled' periocular necrotising fasciitis: early effective treatment or host genetic determinants?Eye (London, England) · 2013Article
- Superantigen gene complement of Streptococcus pyogenes--relationship with other typing methods and short-term stability.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2013Article
- PI3K/Akt/mTOR, a pathway less recognized for staphylococcal superantigen-induced toxicity.Toxins · 2012Review
- Tracing the evolutionary history of the pandemic group A streptococcal M1T1 clone.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2012Article
- Streptococcus and rheumatic fever.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2012Review
- Review
- Streptococcus pyogenes bacteraemia, emm types and superantigen profiles.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2012Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The recent discovery of the mode of interaction between a group of microbial proteins known as superantigens and the immune system has opened a wide area of investigation into the possible role of these molecules in human diseases. Superantigens produced by certain viruses and bacteria, including Mycoplasma species, are either secreted or membrane-bound proteins. A unique feature of these proteins is that they can interact simultaneously with distinct receptors on different types of cells, resulting in enhanced cell-cell interaction and triggering a series of biochemical reactions that can lead to excessive cell proliferation and the release of inflammatory cytokines. However, although superantigens share many features, they can have very different biological effects that are potentiated by host genetic and environmental factors. This review focuses on a group of secreted pyrogenic toxins that belong to the superantigen family and highlights some of their structural-functional features and their roles in diseases such as toxic shock and autoimmunity. Deciphering the biological activities of the various superantigens and understanding their role in the pathogenesis of microbial infections and their sequelae will enable us to devise means by which we can intervene with their activity and/or manipulate them to our advantage.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.