ArticleGut1995
Attachment of Giardia lamblia trophozoites to a cultured human intestinal cell line.
Article in Gut, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Establishment of an in vitro co-infection model of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Identification of End-Binding 1 Protein as Novel α-4 Giardin-Binding Partners in Giardia lamblia Trophozoites.Acta parasitologica · 2024Article
- The Giardia ventrolateral flange is a lamellar membrane protrusion that supports attachment.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Screening of the Pathogen Box for inhibitors with dual efficacy against Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Review
- Induction of virulence factors in Giardia duodenalis independent of host attachment.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG antagonizes Giardia intestinalis induced oxidative stress and intestinal disaccharidases: an experimental study.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2013Article
- Feline Tritrichomonas foetus adhere to intestinal epithelium by receptor-ligand-dependent mechanisms.Veterinary parasitology · 2013Article
- A simple method for demonstrating the giardia lamblia trophozoite.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2012Article
- High-speed microscopic imaging of flagella motility and swimming in Giardia lamblia trophozoites.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2011Article
- Rab11 and actin cytoskeleton participate in Giardia lamblia encystation, guiding the specific vesicles to the cyst wall.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2010Article
- Article
- Inhibition of Giardia intestinalis by extracellular factors from Lactobacilli: an in vitro study.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2001Article
- Adherence of Giardia lamblia trophozoites to Int-407 human intestinal cells.Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology · 2001Article
- Ups and downs of mucosal cellular immunity against protozoan parasites.Infection and immunity · 2001Review
- An assay combining cell culture with reverse transcriptase PCR to detect and determine the infectivity of waterborne Cryptosporidium parvum.Applied and environmental microbiology · 1997Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Attachment of Giardia lamblia trophozoites to enterocytes is essential for colonisation of the small intestine and is considered a prerequisite for giardia induced enterocyte damage. The precise mechanisms involved are still being debated and some earlier work has been performed in models of uncertain biological relevance. In this study, co-incubation of giardia with enterocyte-like differentiated Caco-2 cells was used as a model to study the influence of physical and chemical factors on attachment. Giardia attachment was maximal between one and eight hours and stable over pH 7.2-8.2 but it was reduced by acidification. Attachment was dependent on temperature and was maximal at 37 degrees and virtually abolished at 4 degrees C. It was reduced compared with controls (p < 0.05) by EDTA 2.5 mM (mean (SEM) 32 (4)%), colchicine 12.5 microM (35 (5)%), mebendazole 10 micrograms/ml (30 (3)%), and cytochalasin B 1 microgram/ml (34 (3)%). Giardia attachment was also diminished by preincubation with mannose 50 mM or mannose-6-phosphate 35 mM (21 (4); 17 (5)%) or by preincubating Caco-2 cells with concanavalin A 100 micrograms/ml (19 (2)%). Enhanced binding was not evident after trypsinisation of trophozoites. Scanning electron microscopy showed that giardia seemed to attach to the Caco-2 monolayer predominantly by its ventral surface but dorsal orientation was also observed. No difference in attachment was observed between three different giardia isolates or a parent isolate and its clone. Attachment of giardia to Caco-2 cells is primarily by cytoskeletal mechanisms, inhibitable by interference with contractile filaments and microtubules, while attachment by mannose binding lectin also seems to mediate binding.
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Registered trials
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