ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1995
Oxidative/reductive conjugation of mannan to antigen selects for T1 or T2 immune responses.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pilot phase III immunotherapy study in early-stage breast cancer patients using oxidized mannan-MUC1 [ISRCTN71711835].Breast cancer research : BCR · 2006Trial
- Antibody and T cell responses of patients with adenocarcinoma immunized with mannan-MUC1 fusion protein.The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997Trial
- Novel adjuvants in allergen-specific immunotherapy: where do we stand?Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- 5-Oxo-ETE/OXER1: A Link between Tumor Cells and Macrophages Leading to Regulation of Migration.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Development of Methamphetamine Conjugated Vaccine through Hapten Design: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Dynamic Imine Bonding Facilitates Mannan Release from a Nanofibrous Peptide Hydrogel.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2023Article
- Maturation of circulating Ly6CFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Novel Approaches in the Immunotherapy of Multiple Sclerosis: Cyclization of Myelin Epitope Peptides and Conjugation with Mannan.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Natural and synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine adjuvants and their mechanisms of action.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2021Review
- Carbohydrate Immune Adjuvants in Subunit Vaccines.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- The Use of Electrochemical Voltammetric Techniques and High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography to Evaluate Conjugation Efficiency of Multiple Sclerosis Peptide-Carrier Conjugates.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- The Long Road of Immunotherapeutics against Multiple Sclerosis.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Article
- Carbohydrate Conjugates in Vaccine Developments.Frontiers in chemistry · 2020Review
- Mannan-MOG35-55 Reverses Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Inducing a Peripheral Type 2 Myeloid Response, Reducing CNS Inflammation, and Preserving Axons in Spinal Cord Lesions.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2019Article
- Use of Dendritic Cell Receptors as Targets for Enhancing Anti-Cancer Immune Responses.Cancers · 2019Review
- Multiple Sclerosis: Immunopathology and Treatment Update.Brain sciences · 2017Review
- T/Tn immunotherapy avoiding immune deviation.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology · 2016Article
- PLGA particulate delivery systems for subunit vaccines: Linking particle properties to immunogenicity.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is desirable for immunization against many diseases, and recombinant-synthetic peptide antigens are now favored agents to use. However, a major problem is how to induce CTLs, which requires a T1-type response to such synthetic antigens. We report that T1-type (generating high CTL, low antibody) or T2-type (the reciprocal) responses can be induced by conjugation of the antigen to the carbohydrate polymer mannan: T1 responses are selected by using oxidizing conditions; T2 responses are selected by using reducing conditions for the conjugation. Using human MUC1 as a model antigen in mice, immunization with oxidized mannan-MUC1 fusion protein (ox-M-FP) led to complete tumor protection (challenge up to 5 x 10(7) MUC1+ tumor cells), CTLs, and a high CTL precursor (CTLp) frequency (1/6900), whereas immunization with reduced mannan-MUC1 FP (red-M-FP) led to poor protection after challenge with only 10(6) MUC1+ tumor cells, no CTLs, and a low CTLp frequency (1/87,800). Ox-M-FP selects for a T1 response (mediated here by CD8+ cells) with high interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion, no interleukin 4 (IL-4), and a predominant IgG2a antibody response; red-M-FP selects for a T2-type response with IL-4 production and a high predominant IgG1 antibody response but no IFN-gamma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.