ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1984
Molecular cloning and sequence determination of rat preproenkephalin cDNA: sensitive probe for studying transcriptional changes in rat tissues.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1984. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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28 citing papers in PubMed, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Silico Binding Mode Analysis ofToxins · 2025Article
- Untangling the complexity of opioid receptor function.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Review
- Ethanol-induced changes in proenkephalin mRNA expression in the rat nigrostriatal pathway.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2008Article
- Ethanol exposure differentially alters pro-enkephalin mRNA expression in regions of the mesocorticolimbic system.Psychopharmacology · 2006Article
- Maternal deprivation increases vulnerability to morphine dependence and disturbs the enkephalinergic system in adulthood.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2005Article
- cAMP response element-binding protein is required for dopamine-dependent gene expression in the intact but not the dopamine-denervated striatum.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2001Article
- Neurotensin-deficient mice show altered responses to antipsychotic drugs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001Article
- Organotypic slice cultures of the rat striatum: an immunocytochemical, histochemical and in situ hybridization study of somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase, and enkephalin.Experimental brain research · 1995Article
- Long-term regulation of serotonergic activity in the rat brain via activation of protein kinase A.The EMBO journal · 1993Article
- Expression of neuropeptides and neuropeptide mRNAs in spinal cord after axotomy in the rat, with special reference to motoneurons and galanin.Experimental brain research · 1993Article
- Differential regulation of neuropeptide mRNA expression in intrastriatal striatal transplants by host dopaminergic afferents.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1992Article
- Proenkephalin products are stored in the sperm acrosome and may function in fertilization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1990Article
- Cellular localization of proenkephalin mRNA and enkephalin peptide products in cultured astrocytes.Brain research · 1990Article
- Transcription of the rat and mouse proenkephalin genes is initiated at distinct sites in spermatogenic and somatic cells.Molecular and cellular biology · 1990Article
- Localization of striatal opioid gene expression, and its modulation by the mesostriatal dopamine pathway: an in situ hybridization study.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 1989Article
- Electrical stimulation in vivo increases the expression of proenkephalin mRNA and decreases the expression of prodynorphin mRNA in rat hippocampal granule cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1988Article
- Regulation of neuropeptide gene expression by steroid hormones.Molecular neurobiology · 1988Review
- Proteolytic enzymes in the post-translational processing of polypeptide hormone precursors.Neurochemical research · 1987Review
- Differential expression of opioid peptide genes by testicular germ cells and somatic cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1987Article
- Cellular localization of proenkephalin mRNA in rat brain: gene expression in the caudate-putamen and cerebellar cortex.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1986Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A cDNA probe was prepared to investigate the regulation of proenkephalin biosynthesis in the rat. This was necessary because human and bovine proenkephalin cDNA were not sensitive enough for the accurate detection of preproenkephalin mRNA in tissues that contain low copy numbers of this message, such as the adrenal gland. The rat probe was prepared in the following manner. Preproenkephalin mRNA was enriched by sucrose gradient centrifugation of poly(A)-containing mRNA from rat brain and was used as a template for double-stranded cDNA synthesis. The resulting cDNA was inserted into the plasmid pBR322, and recombinant plasmids were used to transform Escherichia coli RR1 cells. A synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide (30 bases long) with a sequence that had previously been shown to be identical in bovine and human preproenkephalin cDNA was prepared to screen the clone bank. The plasmid with the longest cDNA insert (about 1200 bases) from the positive clones was isolated, and the sequence of the entire protein coding region was determined. Like the bovine and human gene products, rat preproenkephalin contains four [Met]enkephalin sequences and one copy each of [Leu]enkephalin, [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8, and [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7. Rat preproenkephalin is 80% and 83% homologous to the bovine and human forms, respectively, at the nucleotide level and is 82% homologous to both species at the amino acid level. Rat preproenkephalin contains 269 amino acid residues, making it larger than the human (267 residues) and bovine (263 residues) precursors. The sensitivity for detection of rat preproenkephalin mRNA with the rat cDNA was several times greater than with the corresponding cDNAs from bovine and human sources.
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