Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42986568›Full record

ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2026

Impact of Air Quality Index on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in South Asians: A Narrative Review.

Fahaama Siddiqui, Manahil Irfan, Maham Fayyaz, Areej Waqar, Zafar Fatmi, Jai K Das, Sadeer G Al-Kindi, Salil Deo, Jill Baumgartner, Salim S Virani and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Fahaama SiddiquiDepartment of Medicine, Medical College, The Aga Khan University, Stadium Road Campus, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
Manahil IrfanDepartment of Medicine, Medical College, The Aga Khan University, Stadium Road Campus, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
Maham FayyazDepartment of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, P.O. Box 3500, Pakistan.
Areej WaqarDepartment of Oncology, The Aga Khan University, Stadium Road Campus, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
Zafar FatmiCommunity Health Sciences, Environmental and Occupational Health and Climate Change Section, Medical College, The Aga Khan University, Sindh, Stadium Road Campus, 74800, Karachi, Pakistan.
Jai K DasInstitute for Global Health and Development, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
Sadeer G Al-KindiHouston Methodist & Weill Cornell Medicine, Cardiovascular Prevention & Wellness, Center for CV Computational & Precision Health, 6550 Fannin Street, , Suite 1801, Houston, 77030, Texas, USA.
Salil DeoCardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.
Jill BaumgartnerDepartment of Equity, Ethics and Policy and the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Centre for Climate Change and Health, McGill University, 2001 McGill College, Suite 1200, Montreal, H3A 1G1, QC, Canada.
Salim S ViraniDepartment of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, P.O. Box 3500, Pakistan.
Adeel KhojaDepartment of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, P.O. Box 3500, Pakistan. adeel.khoja@aku.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewThis review examines whether worsening air quality, as represented by the Air Quality Index (AQI), and its constituent pollutant exposures, is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in South Asia. South Asian populations have a genetic predisposition to cardiovascular disease and several modifiable risk factors; however, research examining the interaction between air quality and these factors remains understudied. RECENT

findingsLarge population-based health studies consistently demonstrate a positive correlation between elevated levels of air pollutants, including PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, NO₂, CO, O₃, and NO, and ASCVD risk. Poor air quality may compound traditional ASCVD risk factors. Policy and pollution-reduction efforts may help, but evidence for South Asia-specific interventions remains limited. This review synthesizes evidence from population studies to establish air quality as a potentially modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stresses the need for improved surveillance and targeted risk-mitigation strategies to address the ASCVD burden in South Asia.

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAir PollutionAtherosclerosisCardiovascular DiseasesEnvironmental ExposureAsia, SouthernHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansParticulate MatterRisk FactorsSouth Asian PeopleAir PollutantsParticulate MatterAir pollutantsAir quality indexAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseRisk factorsSouth Asia

Identifiers

PMID42986568

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.