Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42985143›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026

Impact of ARBs plus beta-blockers and other antihypertensives on cognitive impairment: a longitudinal study.

Mar Garcia-Zamora, Gemma García-Lluch, Lucrecia Moreno, Juan Pardo, Consuelo Cháfer-Pericas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mar Garcia-ZamoraResearch Group in Alzheimer Disease. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Gemma García-LluchCathedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universitites, Valencia, Spain.
Lucrecia MorenoCathedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universitites, Valencia, Spain.
Juan PardoDepartment of Mathematics, Physics and Technology, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
Consuelo Cháfer-PericasResearch Group in Alzheimer Disease. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for dementia, yet the specific neuroprotective benefits of different antihypertensive drug classes remain unclear. This longitudinal population-based cohort study evaluated the association between various antihypertensive agents, used as monotherapy or combination therapy, and the risk of cognitive impairment. Methods: The present work is a retrospective cohort study based on electronic health records (EHR) provided by the Results: Loop diuretics and the combination of ARBs with beta-blockers, were associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment. Conversely, selective beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors were associated with an increased probability of impairment. Conclusion: Antihypertensive classes display divergent neuroprotective profiles. Loop diuretics, ARBs, and ARB-beta-blocker combinations appear protective, whereas ACE inhibitors and beta-blocker monotherapy show less favorable cognitive outcomes, highlighting the need for tailored pharmacological selection in aging populations.

Indexed as

ACE inhibitorsantihypertensivesARBsbeta-blockerscognitive impairmentloop diuretics

Identifiers

PMID42985143
PMCPMC13731390

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.