ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2026
Measured olfactory dysfunction without past-year symptom reporting: Prevalence and nutritional correlates in U.S. adults.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo characterize discordance between measured olfactory function and past-year symptom reporting and examine nutritional correlates of measured dysfunction without such reporting.
methodsThis cross-sectional analysis used NHANES 2013-2014 data from adults aged ≥ 40 years. Measured dysfunction was defined as ≤ 5 correct responses on an eight-item odor-identification test. Survey-weighted models compared participants with dysfunction versus normal scores, both without past-year symptom reporting. The primary outcome was day-1 Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). A National Cancer Institute model estimated usual protein intake; six secondary comparisons underwent false-discovery-rate correction. Post-review sensitivity analyses assessed cognition, sinonasal factors, impairment severity and measured anthropometry.
resultsAmong 3,515 participants, 531 had measured dysfunction without symptom reporting (weighted prevalence, 10.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.8%-13.0%). Among participants with dysfunction, 80.5% reported no past-year problem, equivalent to symptom-question sensitivity of 19.5% (95% CI, 14.9%-24.1%). In 2,599 complete cases, the adjusted HEI-2015 difference was - 0.09 points (95% CI, - 2.37 to 2.20; P=.937). No original secondary comparison met the false-discovery-rate threshold (minimum q=0.096). Additional analyses did not establish a consistent nutritional deficit.
conclusionMeasured olfactory dysfunction frequently occurred without past-year symptom reporting, although nonreporting does not establish unawareness. This phenotype showed no clear difference in day-1 HEI-2015; protein findings remained exploratory. Its clinical relevance warrants prospective assessment with comprehensive olfactory and nutritional measures.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42966802What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.