Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42955491›Full record

ArticleDiscover nano2026

Computational and experimental study of CuO-ZnO nanocomposite using the plant Peganum harmala L. and their antifungal, antibacterial applications.

Hansa Gul, Fatima Zara, Zahida Nasreen, Haris Ahmed Khan, Nasir Assad, Muhammad Nauman Khan, Shah Khalid, Muhammad Adnan, Alevcan Kaplan, Akhtar Zaman and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover nano, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hansa GulDepartment of Zoology, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, 32100, Punjab, Pakistan.
Fatima ZaraDepartment of Zoology, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, 32100, Punjab, Pakistan.
Zahida NasreenDepartment of Zoology, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, 32100, Punjab, Pakistan.
Haris Ahmed KhanDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, 32100, Punjab, Pakistan.
Nasir AssadInternational Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore,, Punjab, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-9435-1414
Muhammad Nauman KhanDepartment of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-0902
Shah KhalidDepartment of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
Muhammad AdnanDepartment of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Alevcan KaplanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21200, Turkey.
Akhtar ZamanDepartment of Botany, University of Buner, Sowari, Buner, 19290, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Dawit KifleDepartment of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia. dawitk.galo@gmail.com.
Abdulrahman A SindiDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed M TolahSpecial Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid emergence of AMR necessitates the development of novel, sustainable therapeutic agents. This study reports the green synthesis of copper-decorated zinc oxide (CuO-ZnO) nanocomposite using an aqueous leaf extract of Peganum harmala L., which served as a reducing and capping agent. A quantitative EDX analysis confirmed a high loading of Cu of 24.25% (7.09%) mass. Characterization showed that the average primary particle size was 29 ± 1.3 nm, and that the structures were crystalline and hexagonal, known as wurtzite. The nanocomposite exhibited a positive zeta potential of + 47.2 ± 4.24 mV, indicating good colloidal stability. A typical absorption peak at 372 nm was observed using UV-visible spectroscopy. The CuO-ZnO nanocomposite showed significant dose-dependent antibacterial activity with Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of 50 µg/mL, 70 µg/mL, and 80 µg/mL for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. The synthesized CuO-ZnO nanocomposite exhibited significant antifungal activity, inhibiting the linear growth of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum by 87.67 mm and 74.33 mm, respectively. While computational models suggest localized structural integration, the system is described as a copper-decorated zinc oxide network, pending high-resolution phase-state verification. This integrated study highlights the potential of P. harmala-mediated CuO-ZnO nanocomposite as an eco-friendly antimicrobial agent for biomedical applications.

Indexed as

AntibacterialAntifungalCuO-ZnO nanocompositeDockingPeganum harmala

Identifiers

PMID42955491
PMCPMC13719942

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.