ReviewFolia microbiologica2026
Gut microbiota as a key player in diabetes mellitus: mechanisms, dysbiosis, and emerging interventions.
Review in Folia microbiologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The gut microbiome has emerged as a critical regulator of metabolic and immune homeostasis, with significant implications for diabetes mellitus. This narrative review synthesizes findings from selected landmark original investigations published from 2000 to 2026, examining the role of the gut microbiome in both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). As a narrative rather than a systematic review, this synthesis does not follow a registered protocol or an exhaustive, reproducible search strategy. Observational studies frequently report dysbiosis, characterized by reduced microbial diversity and altered taxa, as a feature of both prediabetes and diabetes, correlating with poor glycemic control and complications, although the specific taxa and dysbiotic signatures implicated vary across geographically and ethnically distinct populations, indicating that dysbiosis is not a uniform, population-invariant hallmark of disease. Mechanistic studies highlight pathways such as short-chain fatty acid production, immune modulation, and gut barrier integrity, which mediate microbial effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) signaling and gut barrier integrity identified as the most significant pathways driving these effects. Interventional approaches, including probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, fasting, exercise, and bariatric surgery, show preliminary, proof-of-concept potential to reshape the microbiome and improve diabetic outcomes, although none of these interventions has yet been validated in large-scale, adequately powered, multi-center randomized controlled trials with hard clinical endpoints, and none should be regarded as an established treatment. Notably, T1D research emphasizes autoimmune interactions, while T2D focuses on metabolic dysfunction. Despite advances, challenges like establishing causality and addressing inter-individual variability persist. This review underscores the microbiome's therapeutic promise pending confirmation in the larger trials outlined above, and advocates for personalized, multi-omics-driven strategies to enhance diabetes management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42955256What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.