Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42946879›Full record

ReviewNature medicine2026

Metabolic heterogeneity of obesity.

Gordon I Smith, Max C Petersen, Sean M Hartig, Samuel Klein

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gordon I SmithCenter for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-046X
Max C PetersenCenter for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Sean M HartigDivision of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-2072
Samuel KleinCenter for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. sklein@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-1156

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multi-organ-system insulin resistance is the key pathogenic driver of obesity-related metabolic complications and diseases, such as atherogenic dyslipidemia, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and type 2 diabetes. However, there is considerable heterogeneity in insulin sensitivity among people with obesity. Some are considered to have metabolically healthy obesity, with normal insulin sensitivity in conjunction with normal fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance, plasma lipid profile and intrahepatic triglyceride content. In this Review, we discuss metabolic differences at the cellular, organ-system and systemic levels between people with metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy obesity; we also discuss heterogeneity in the therapeutic effects of weight reduction. A better understanding of the differences between metabolically divergent groups and the physiological responses to weight loss can help identify the factors responsible for the link between excess adiposity and metabolic dysfunction and disease.

Indexed as

Insulin ResistanceObesityAnimalsBlood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HumansWeight LossBlood Glucose

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.