ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Next-Generation Functional Nanoplatforms: Engineering Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Targeted Bioactive Delivery and Health Applications.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) are being recognized as a capable novel class of natural nanocarriers that have important uses in delivering bioactives and facilitating innovations in functional foods and precision health technologies. PDEVs are lipid-bilayer-enclosed vesicular structures that commonly occur at the nanoscale, although their reported sizes vary depending on the plant source, isolation procedure, and measurement method. They contain diverse biomolecules, including lipids, proteins, microRNAs, and phytochemicals, and have been investigated for their potential roles in interspecies communication and the delivery of bioactive compounds. Compared with some conventional nanocarriers, PDEVs have shown favorable biocompatibility and stability under certain experimental conditions; however, these properties are dependent on the plant source, isolation method, cargo, formulation, and experimental model; therefore, they are uniquely positioned for oral delivery systems. This review presents a complete picture of the process of PDEV biogenesis, the molecular architecture of PDEVs, and their cargo. We evaluate and compare the source materials of PDEVs to determine whether they will influence how effectively the bioactive agent is delivered to its intended target and produce the therapeutic effect. Additionally, we present a review of the advances in technology for the analysis of PDEVs: methods of extraction, purification, and characterization of PDEV; current and future techniques for loading cargo into PDEVs; methods of modifying the surfaces of PDEVs; and methods of developing, producing, and delivering hybrid systems of PDEVs. Finally, a comprehensive review of the use of PDEVs in delivering nutraceuticals, modulating the gut microbiome, delivering probiotic systems, and exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects. Even as these positive advancements occur, challenges related to scalability, standardization, and purity remain significant barriers to industrial translation. PDEVs are well-positioned to serve as a sustainable, next-generation nanoplatform at the intersection of nanotechnology, food science, and biomedicine. PDEVs also provide unprecedented opportunities to advance functional foods and precision nutrition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.