ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Disruption of Placental Immune Privilege by Complications of Pregnancy: Consequences for Maternal and Child Health.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Maternal chronic conditions, including obesity, diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and autoimmune diseases, promote a systemic proinflammatory environment characterized by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. These alterations lead to reduced expressions of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), decreased regulatory T (Treg)cell activity, and increased T helper (Th)1/Th17 responses, disrupting placental immune privilege and resulting in increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, trophoblastic dysfunction, and placental senescence. This change in immune privilege contributes to fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, congenital anomalies, and long-term cardiometabolic programming in offspring. Understanding the mechanisms underlying placental immune dysregulation may facilitate the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring immune tolerance and reducing inflammatory and hypoxic signaling pathways to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. This review summarizes the current state of the field of placental immunological privilege and how maternal chronic conditions like obesity, diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and autoimmune diseases can disrupt it and its possible consequences on the progeny.
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