ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2026
The relationship between cardiometabolic disease and vertebral bone strength, mineral density, and mass in US adults.
Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Context: Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) may increase vertebral fracture risk through deterioration in bone structure and/or tissue properties, compromising bone strength. Objective: Evaluate the relationship between CMD and vertebral bone measures. Design: Cross-sectional. Participants: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study participants with year 25 (2010-2011) abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans (n = 2728). Exposure: CMD (abdominal obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or hypertension) status (≥1 vs 0) and burden (0, 1, 2, ≥3). Outcome Measures: Vertebral strength, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and bone mass, obtained via biomechanical CT analysis. Methods: Multivariable linear regression evaluated the association between CMD and vertebral bone measures. Sex-specific models were adjusted for age, race, height, weight, and additional social determinants of health, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. Effect modification by race, age, and menopausal status was evaluated. Results: Overall, at least 1 CMD was identified in 72.3% of men and 70.5% of women. In the fully adjusted model, CMD status was significantly associated with lower total (β = -6.32 mg/cm Conclusion: In this biracial cohort of Black and White adults from the United States, CMD was associated with significantly lower total and subcompartment vertebral vBMD in men.
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