ArticleBMC plant biology2026
Integrated metabolomic-transcriptomic profiling of dwarf Camellia reticulata 'Hentiangao' reveals key gibberellin metabolism genes and multi-hormone crosstalk under GA
Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundCamellia reticulata 'Hentiangao', a dwarf camellia cultivar, possesses distinctive ornamental traits and high value for urban landscaping. Dwarfism is an important agronomic and ornamental trait, and gibberellin (GA) plays a central role in regulating stem elongation and plant height. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its dwarf phenotype and the interactions between stem development and endogenous hormone networks remain unclear, limiting the promotion and targeted breeding of this cultivar. We analyzed shoot tips of C. reticulata 'Hentiangao' treated with 800 mg·L
resultsLC-MS analysis identified 31, 35, and 22 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in S1/S2 (S2 vs. S1), S1/S3 (S3 vs. S1), and S2/S3 (S3 vs. S2), respectively, with six DAMs shared among comparisons. Transcriptome sequencing generated 255,131 unigenes, of which 138,761 were annotated. A total of 4,396 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 4,366 stage-specific and 30 common DEGs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis identified 36 DEGs associated with hormone pathways, particularly auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin metabolism. Key genes (KAO, GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) and the DELLA protein were predicted to participate in GA biosynthesis and signaling. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of six GA pathway genes (DELLA, KO, KAO, GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox) showed expression patterns that were significantly correlated with transcriptome TPM values (P < 0.01), validating the transcriptome data reliability.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that stem growth is regulated by a multi-hormonal network, with GA, auxin, and abscisic acid playing major roles during early development, whereas cytokinin, ethylene, and jasmonic acid become more influential at later stages. These results provide a preliminary basis for understanding the hormonal regulation of dwarfing in C. reticulata 'Hentiangao' and offer valuable insights for future fundamental research.
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